High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes: Case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial.
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biomarkers
/ blood
Cardiovascular Diseases
/ blood
Case-Control Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
/ blood
Diet, Healthy
Diet, Mediterranean
Female
Glutamic Acid
/ blood
Glutamine
/ blood
Humans
Incidence
Male
Middle Aged
Primary Prevention
/ methods
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Spain
/ epidemiology
Time Factors
Treatment Outcome
EVOO
Extra virgin olive oil
Glutamate
Glutamine
MedDiet: mediterranean diet
Mediterranean diet
Type-2 diabetes
Journal
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
ISSN: 1590-3729
Titre abrégé: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9111474
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2019
10 2019
Historique:
received:
04
01
2019
revised:
24
05
2019
accepted:
06
06
2019
pubmed:
5
8
2019
medline:
20
2
2020
entrez:
5
8
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Glutamate, glutamine are involved in energy metabolism, and have been related to cardiometabolic disorders. However, their roles in the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Mediterranean diet on associations between glutamine, glutamate, glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, and risk of new-onset T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study was built within the PREDIMED trial using a case-cohort design including 892 participants with 251 incident T2D cases and 641 non-cases. Participants (mean age 66.3 years; female 62.8%) were non diabetic and at high risk for CVD at baseline. Plasma levels of glutamine and glutamate were measured at baseline and after 1-year of intervention. Higher glutamate levels at baseline were associated with increased risk of T2D with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.78 (95% CI, 1.43-5.41, P for trend = 0.0002). In contrast, baseline levels of glutamine (HR: 0.64, 95% CI, 0.36-1.12; P for trend = 0.04) and glutamine-to-glutamate ratio (HR: 0.31, 95% CI, 0.16-0.57; P for trend = 0.0001) were inversely associated with T2D risk when comparing extreme quartiles. The two Mediterranean diets (MedDiet + EVOO and MedDiet + mixed nuts) did not alter levels of glutamine and glutamate after intervention for 1 year. However, MedDiet mitigated the positive association between higher baseline plasma glutamate and T2D risk (P for interaction = 0.01). Higher levels of glutamate and lower levels of glutamine were associated with increased risk of T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for CVD. Mediterranean diet might mitigate the association between the imbalance of glutamine and glutamate and T2D risk. This trial is registered at http://www.controlled-trials.com, ISRCTN35739639.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Glutamate, glutamine are involved in energy metabolism, and have been related to cardiometabolic disorders. However, their roles in the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Mediterranean diet on associations between glutamine, glutamate, glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, and risk of new-onset T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
METHODS AND RESULTS
The present study was built within the PREDIMED trial using a case-cohort design including 892 participants with 251 incident T2D cases and 641 non-cases. Participants (mean age 66.3 years; female 62.8%) were non diabetic and at high risk for CVD at baseline. Plasma levels of glutamine and glutamate were measured at baseline and after 1-year of intervention. Higher glutamate levels at baseline were associated with increased risk of T2D with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.78 (95% CI, 1.43-5.41, P for trend = 0.0002). In contrast, baseline levels of glutamine (HR: 0.64, 95% CI, 0.36-1.12; P for trend = 0.04) and glutamine-to-glutamate ratio (HR: 0.31, 95% CI, 0.16-0.57; P for trend = 0.0001) were inversely associated with T2D risk when comparing extreme quartiles. The two Mediterranean diets (MedDiet + EVOO and MedDiet + mixed nuts) did not alter levels of glutamine and glutamate after intervention for 1 year. However, MedDiet mitigated the positive association between higher baseline plasma glutamate and T2D risk (P for interaction = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Higher levels of glutamate and lower levels of glutamine were associated with increased risk of T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for CVD. Mediterranean diet might mitigate the association between the imbalance of glutamine and glutamate and T2D risk. This trial is registered at http://www.controlled-trials.com, ISRCTN35739639.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31377179
pii: S0939-4753(19)30233-9
doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.005
pmc: PMC9257877
mid: NIHMS1816039
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Glutamine
0RH81L854J
Glutamic Acid
3KX376GY7L
Types de publication
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1040-1049Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK102896
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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