The biological basis of the experience and categorization of colour.
Bayesian operations
colour vision
constant categorization
Journal
The European journal of neuroscience
ISSN: 1460-9568
Titre abrégé: Eur J Neurosci
Pays: France
ID NLM: 8918110
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2020
01 2020
Historique:
received:
01
04
2019
revised:
12
08
2019
accepted:
15
08
2019
pubmed:
23
8
2019
medline:
22
6
2021
entrez:
23
8
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
We used the Land Colour Mondrian experiments in a Bayesian context to test the degree to which subjects vary in categorizing the colour of different patches, when each patch is made to reflect light of the identical wavelength-energy composition. The brain uses a ratio-taking mechanism to determine the ratio of light of every waveband reflected from a surface and from its surrounds. Our (Bayesian) hypothesis was that this ratio-taking mechanism is similar in all humans and therefore leads to a constant categorization of colours that differs little between them. The similarly categorized colours are the initial priors, with initial hues attached to them. Twenty subjects of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds, for all but one of whom English was not the primary language, viewed eight patches of different colour in two Mondrian displays; each patch, when viewed, was made to reflect identical ratios of long-, middle- and short-wave light. Subjects were asked to match the colour of the viewed patch with that of the Munsell chip coming closest in colour to that of the viewed patch, without using language. In terms of hue, there was less variability in matching warm hues than cool ones. In terms of colour categorization, there was little variability overall. We take the lack of significant variability between subjects in the matches made as a pointer to similar computational mechanisms being employed in different subjects to perceive colours, thus permitting them to assume that their categorization of colours has universal agreement and assent.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
670-680Informations de copyright
© 2019 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Références
Berlin, B., & Kay, P. (1969). Basic color terms: Their universality and evolution (pp. 3-224). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Biggam, C. P. (2012). The semantic of colour: A historical approach (pp. 3-273). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139051491
Boynton, R. M., & Olson, C. X. (1987). Locating basic colors in the OSA space. Color Research and Application, 12, 94-105. https://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6378
Connolly, K. (2019). Perceptual learning (p. 241). Oxford and New York, NY: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662899.001.0001
Danilova, M. V., & Mollon, J. (2010). Parafoveal color discrimination: A chromaticity locus of enhanced discrimination. Journal of Vision, 10, 1-9.
Dayan, P., Hinton, G. E. E., Neal, R. M. M., & Zemel, R. S. S. (1995). The Helmholtz machine. Neural Computation, 7, 889-904. https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.1995.7.5.889
Foster, D. H. (2011). Color constancy. Vision Research, 51, 674-700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2010.09.006
Friston, K., Mattout, J., & Kilner, J. (2011). Action understanding and active inference. Biological Cybernetics, 104, 137-160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-011-0424-z
Gibson, E., Futrell, R., Jara-Ettinger, J., Mahowald, K., Bergen, L., Ratnasingam, S., … Conway, B.R. (2017). Color naming across languages reflects color use. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114, 10785-10790. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619666114
von Helmholtz, H. (1911). Handbuch Der Physiologischen Optik (Vol. II, 391 pp.) Hamburg, Germany: Leopold Voss.
Hering, E. (1877/1964) Grundzüge der Lehre vom Lichtsinn translated as Outlines of atheory of the light sense (1964) by LM. Hurvich and D. Jameson, 317 pp. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
Ishihara, S. (1988). Ishihara’s tests for colour-blindness. Tokyo, Japan: Kanehara.
Kant, I. (1781/1996 - A51/B75) Kritik Der Reinen Vernunft, 1st Edition, Translated by WS Pluhar (1996) as Critique of Pure Reason, 1030 pp. Hackett, Indianapolis.
Kay, P., Berlin, B., Maffi, L., Merrifield, W., & Cook, R. (2010). The world color survey. Berkley, CA: CSLI Publications.
Land, E. H. (1959). Color vision and the natural image. Part 1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 45, 115-129. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.45.1.115
Land, E. (1974). The retinex theory of colour vision. Proceedings of the Royal Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain, 47, 23-58.
Land, E. H. (1983). Recent advances in retinex theory and some implications for cortical computations: Color vision and the natural image. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 80, 5163-5169. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.80.16.5163
Land, E. H. (1986). An alternative technique for the computation of the designator in the retinex theory of color vision. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 83, 3078-3080. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.83.10.3078
Land, E. H., & McCann, J. J. (1971). Lightness and retinex theory. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 61, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.61.000001
Lévi-Strauss, C. (1955/2008). Tristes tropiques. in Œuvres, Bibliothèque de La Pléiade (pp. 3-445). Paris: Gallimard.
Lindsey, D. T., & Brown, A. M. (2014). The color lexicon of American English. Journal of Vision, 14, 1-25.
López, J. D., Litvak, V., Espinosa, J. J., Friston, K., & Barnes, G. R. (2014). Algorithmic procedures for Bayesian MEG/EEG source reconstruction in SPM. NeuroImage, 84, 476-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.09.002
Mylonas, D., & MacDonald, L. (2010). Online colour naming experiment using Munsell samples. 5th European conference on colour in graphics, imaging, and vision. IS&T, Joensuu, Finland.
Mylonas, D., & MacDonald, L. (2016). Augmenting basic colour terms in English. Color Research and Application, 41, 32-42. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.21944
Olkkonen, M., Hansen, T., & Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2009). Categorical color constancy for simulated surfaces. Journal of Vision, 9(12), 6. 1-18.
Olkkonen, M., Witzel, C., Hansen, T., & Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2010). Categorical color constancy for real surfaces. Journal of Vision, 10(9). https://doi.org/10.1167/10.9.16
Paramei, G. V., Griber, Y. A., & Mylonas, D. (2018). An online color naming experiment in Russian using Munsell color samples. Color Research and Application, 43(3), 358-374. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.22190
Pouget, A., Beck, J. M., Ma, W. J., & Latham, P. E. (2013). Probabilistic brains: Knowns and unknowns. Nature Neuroscience, 16, 1170-1178. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3495
Rao, R. P., & Ballard, D. H. (1999). Predictive coding in the visual cortex: A functional interpretation of some extra-classical receptive-field effects. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1038/4580
Roberson, D., Davidoff, J., Davies, I. R. L., & Shapiro, L. R. (2005). Color categories: Evidence for the cultural relativity hypothesis. Cognitive Psychology, 50(4), 378-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2004.10.001
Sandell, J. H., Gross, C. G., & Bornstein, M. (1979). Color categories in macaques. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 93, 626-635. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077594
Skelton, A. E., Catchpole, G., Abbott, J. T., Bosten, J. M., & Franklin, A. (2017). Biological origins of color categorization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114, 5545-5550. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612881114
Speigle, J. M., & Brainard, D. H. (1996). Is color constancy task independent? 4th color imaging conference (pp. 167-172). IS&T/SID, Scottsdale, AZ.
Stockman, A., & Sharpe, L. T. (2000). The spectral sensitivities of the middle- and long-wavelength-sensitive cones derived from measurements in observers of known genotype. Vision Research, 40, 1711-1737. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-6989(00)00021-3
Sturges, J., & Whitfield, A. (1995). Locating basic colours in the Munsell Space. Color Research and Application, 20(6), 364-376.
Troost, J. M., & De Weert, C. M. M. (1991). Naming versus matching in color constancy. Perception & Psychophysics, 50, 591-602. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03207545
Vandenbroucke, A. R. E., Fahrenfort, J. J., Meuwese, J. D. I., Scholte, H. S., & Lamme, V. A. F. (2016). Prior knowledge about objects determines neural color representation in human visual cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 26, 1401-1408. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhu224
Vessel, E. A., Maurer, N., Denker, A. H., & Starr, G. (2018). Stronger shared taste for natural aesthetic domains than for artifacts of human culture. Cognition, 179, 121-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.009
Witzel, C., Cinotti, F., & O’Regan, J. K. (2015). What determines the relationship between color naming, unique hues, and sensory singularities: Illuminations, surfaces, or photoreceptors? Journal of Vision, 15(8), 19-20. https://doi.org/10.1167/15.8.19
Witzel, C., & Franklin, A. (2014). Do focal colors look particularly “colorful”? Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 31(4), A365-A374. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.31.00A365
Zeki, S. (1980). The representation of colours in the cerebral cortex. Nature, 284, 412-418. https://doi.org/10.1038/284412a0
Zeki, S. (2009). Splendors and miseries of the brain: Love, creativity and the quest for human happiness. pp 234. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
Zeki, S., Cheadle, S., Pepper, J., & Mylonas, D. (2017). The constancy of colored after-images. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00229
Zeki, S., & Chen, O. (2019) The Bayesian-Laplacian brain. European Journal of Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14540
Zeki, S., Chén, O. Y., & Romaya, J. P. (2018). The biological basis of mathematical beauty. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8(68), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00068