Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: 17 Years of Followup of a Nordic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cohort.

Adult Arthritis, Juvenile / complications Cohort Studies Humans Prospective Studies Temporomandibular Joint Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / complications Young Adult
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS OUTCOMES TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT

Journal

The Journal of rheumatology
ISSN: 0315-162X
Titre abrégé: J Rheumatol
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 7501984

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 05 2020
Historique:
accepted: 03 09 2019
pubmed: 17 9 2019
medline: 26 8 2021
entrez: 17 9 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

To determine the prevalence of orofacial symptoms, dysfunctions, and deformities of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) 17 years after disease onset. Drawn from a prospective, population-based Nordic JIA cohort with disease onset from 1997 to 2000, 420 consecutive cases were eligible for orofacial evaluation of TMJ involvement. The followup visit included demographic data, a standardized clinical orofacial examination, and full-face cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). For comparison, 200 age-matched healthy controls were used. Of 420 eligible participants with JIA, 265 (63%) were included (mean age 23.5 ± 4.2 yrs) and completed a standardized clinical orofacial examination. Of these, 245 had a full-face CBCT performed. At least 1 orofacial symptom was reported by 33%. Compared to controls, the JIA group significantly more often reported TMJ pain, TMJ morning stiffness, and limitation on chewing. Further, among participants reporting complaints, the number of symptoms was also higher in JIA. The mean maximal incisal opening was lower in the JIA group (p < 0.001), and TMJ pain on palpation was more frequent. Condylar deformities and/or erosions were observed in 61% as assessed by CBCT, showing bilateral changes in about 70%. Risk factors of condylar deformities were orofacial dysfunction or biologic treatment; enthesitis-related arthritis was protective. This study of the longterm consequences of TMJ involvement in a population-based JIA cohort reports persistence of comprehensive symptoms, dysfunctions, and damage of the TMJ into adulthood. We suggest interdisciplinary followup of JIA patients also in adulthood.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.190231 PMID: 31523047
pubmed: 31523047
pii: jrheum.190231
doi: 10.3899/jrheum.190231
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

730-738

Auteurs

Mia Glerup (M)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. miagleru@rm.dk.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital. miagleru@rm.dk.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9128-9908

Peter Stoustrup (P)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Louise H Matzen (LH)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Veronika Rypdal (V)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Ellen Nordal (E)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Paula Frid (P)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Ellen Dalen Arnstad (ED)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Marite Rygg (M)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Olafur Thorarensen (O)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Maria Ekelund (M)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Lillemor Berntson (L)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Anders Fasth (A)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Håkan Nilsson (H)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Suvi Peltoniemi (S)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Kristiina Aalto (K)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Sirpa Arte (S)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Peter Toftedal (P)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Susan Nielsen (S)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Sven Kreiborg (S)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5151-8270

Troels Herlin (T)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

Thomas Klit Pedersen (TK)

From the Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway, Tromsø; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim; Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger; Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim; Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
M. Glerup, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; P. Stoustrup, Associate Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University; L.H. Matzen, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University; V. Rypdal, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; E. Nordal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway; P. Frid, DDS, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Center of North Norway; E.D. Arnstad, MD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust; M. Rygg, MD, Professor, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, and Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital; O. Thorarensen, DDS, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital; M. Ekelund, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; L. Berntson, MD, PhD, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University; A. Fasth, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg; H. Nilsson, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Stomatognathic Physiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; S. Peltoniemi, MD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; K. Aalto, MD, PhD, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki; S. Arte, DDS, PhD, Orthodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; P. Toftedal, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Nielsen, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital; S. Kreiborg, Professor, DDS, PhD, Dr. Odont, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen; T. Herlin, Professor, MD, DMSc, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital; T.K. Pedersen, Professor, DDS, PhD, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies du système immunitaire › Maladies auto-immunes › Arthrite juvénile › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études de cohortes › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études de cohortes › Études prospectives › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...
questionsmedicales.fr › Système stomatognathique › Articulation temporomandibulaire › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies du système stomatognathique › Troubles de l'articulation temporomandibulaire › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Jeune adulte › Longterm Outcomes of Temporomandibular Joints...