Five-Year Survival with Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma.

Adult Aged Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects Follow-Up Studies Humans Ipilimumab / administration & dosage Melanoma / drug therapy Middle Aged Mutation Nivolumab / administration & dosage Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics Skin Neoplasms / drug therapy Survival Analysis

Journal

The New England journal of medicine
ISSN: 1533-4406
Titre abrégé: N Engl J Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0255562

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
17 10 2019
Historique:
pubmed: 29 9 2019
medline: 2 11 2019
entrez: 29 9 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone resulted in longer progression-free and overall survival than ipilimumab alone in a trial involving patients with advanced melanoma. We now report 5-year outcomes in the trial. We randomly assigned patients with previously untreated advanced melanoma to receive one of the following regimens: nivolumab (at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight) plus ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram) every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks); nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks) plus ipilimumab-matched placebo; or ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram every 3 weeks for four doses) plus nivolumab-matched placebo. The two primary end points were progression-free survival and overall survival in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and in the nivolumab group, as compared with the ipilimumab group. At a minimum follow-up of 60 months, the median overall survival was more than 60.0 months (median not reached) in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and 36.9 months in the nivolumab group, as compared with 19.9 months in the ipilimumab group (hazard ratio for death with nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs. ipilimumab, 0.52; hazard ratio for death with nivolumab vs. ipilimumab, 0.63). Overall survival at 5 years was 52% in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and 44% in the nivolumab group, as compared with 26% in the ipilimumab group. No sustained deterioration of health-related quality of life was observed during or after treatment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab or with nivolumab alone. No new late toxic effects were noted. Among patients with advanced melanoma, sustained long-term overall survival at 5 years was observed in a greater percentage of patients who received nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone than in those who received ipilimumab alone, with no apparent loss of quality of life in the patients who received regimens containing nivolumab. (Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb and others; CheckMate 067 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01844505.).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone resulted in longer progression-free and overall survival than ipilimumab alone in a trial involving patients with advanced melanoma. We now report 5-year outcomes in the trial.
METHODS
We randomly assigned patients with previously untreated advanced melanoma to receive one of the following regimens: nivolumab (at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight) plus ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram) every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks); nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks) plus ipilimumab-matched placebo; or ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram every 3 weeks for four doses) plus nivolumab-matched placebo. The two primary end points were progression-free survival and overall survival in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and in the nivolumab group, as compared with the ipilimumab group.
RESULTS
At a minimum follow-up of 60 months, the median overall survival was more than 60.0 months (median not reached) in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and 36.9 months in the nivolumab group, as compared with 19.9 months in the ipilimumab group (hazard ratio for death with nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs. ipilimumab, 0.52; hazard ratio for death with nivolumab vs. ipilimumab, 0.63). Overall survival at 5 years was 52% in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and 44% in the nivolumab group, as compared with 26% in the ipilimumab group. No sustained deterioration of health-related quality of life was observed during or after treatment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab or with nivolumab alone. No new late toxic effects were noted.
CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with advanced melanoma, sustained long-term overall survival at 5 years was observed in a greater percentage of patients who received nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone than in those who received ipilimumab alone, with no apparent loss of quality of life in the patients who received regimens containing nivolumab. (Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb and others; CheckMate 067 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01844505.).

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1910836 PMID: 31562797
pubmed: 31562797
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1910836
doi:

Substances chimiques

Ipilimumab 0
Nivolumab 31YO63LBSN
BRAF protein, human EC 2.7.11.1
Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf EC 2.7.11.1

Banques de données

ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT01844505']

Types de publication

Journal Article Multicenter Study Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1535-1546

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2019 Massachusetts Medical Society.

Auteurs

James Larkin (J)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Vanna Chiarion-Sileni (V)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Rene Gonzalez (R)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Jean-Jacques Grob (JJ)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Piotr Rutkowski (P)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Christopher D Lao (CD)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

C Lance Cowey (CL)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Dirk Schadendorf (D)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

John Wagstaff (J)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Reinhard Dummer (R)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Pier F Ferrucci (PF)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Michael Smylie (M)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

David Hogg (D)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Andrew Hill (A)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Ivan Márquez-Rodas (I)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

John Haanen (J)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Massimo Guidoboni (M)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Michele Maio (M)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Patrick Schöffski (P)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Matteo S Carlino (MS)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Céleste Lebbé (C)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Grant McArthur (G)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Paolo A Ascierto (PA)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Gregory A Daniels (GA)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Georgina V Long (GV)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).
ORCID: 0000-0001-8894-3545

Lars Bastholt (L)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Jasmine I Rizzo (JI)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Agnes Balogh (A)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Andriy Moshyk (A)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

F Stephen Hodi (FS)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

Jedd D Wolchok (JD)

From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital, Siena (M.M.) - all in Italy; the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora (R.G.); Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille Hôpital Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), and Université de Paris, INSERM Unité 976, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris (C.L.) - both in France; the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (C.D.L.); Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); the Department of Dermatology, University of Essen, Essen, and the German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg - both in Germany (D.S.); Universitäts Spital, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.); Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M.S.), and the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (D.H.) - both in Canada; Tasman Oncology Research, Southport, QLD (A.H.), the Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW (M.S.C., G.V.L.), and the Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals (G.V.L.), Sydney, and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (G.M.) - all in Australia; General University Hospital Gregorio Marañon and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid (I.M.-R.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (J.H.); the Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (P.S.); University of California San Diego Health-La Jolla Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla (G.A.D.); the Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (L.B.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (J.I.R., A.B., A.M.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (F.S.H.); and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.D.W.).

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