Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health.
Chloride
potassium
sauna
sodium
sweat biomarkers
thermoregulation
Journal
Temperature (Austin, Tex.)
ISSN: 2332-8940
Titre abrégé: Temperature (Austin)
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101655855
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2019
2019
Historique:
received:
30
04
2019
revised:
06
06
2019
accepted:
08
06
2019
entrez:
15
10
2019
pubmed:
15
10
2019
medline:
15
10
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The purpose of this comprehensive review is to: 1) review the physiology of sweat gland function and mechanisms determining the amount and composition of sweat excreted onto the skin surface; 2) provide an overview of the well-established thermoregulatory functions and adaptive responses of the sweat gland; and 3) discuss the state of evidence for potential non-thermoregulatory roles of sweat in the maintenance and/or perturbation of human health. The role of sweating to eliminate waste products and toxicants seems to be minor compared with other avenues of excretion via the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract; as eccrine glands do not adapt to increase excretion rates either via concentrating sweat or increasing overall sweating rate. Studies suggesting a larger role of sweat glands in clearing waste products or toxicants from the body may be an artifact of methodological issues rather than evidence for selective transport. Furthermore, unlike the renal system, it seems that sweat glands do not conserve water loss or concentrate sweat fluid through vasopressin-mediated water reabsorption. Individuals with high NaCl concentrations in sweat (e.g. cystic fibrosis) have an increased risk of NaCl imbalances during prolonged periods of heavy sweating; however, sweat-induced deficiencies appear to be of minimal risk for trace minerals and vitamins. Additional research is needed to elucidate the potential role of eccrine sweating in skin hydration and microbial defense. Finally, the utility of sweat composition as a biomarker for human physiology is currently limited; as more research is needed to determine potential relations between sweat and blood solute concentrations.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31608304
doi: 10.1080/23328940.2019.1632145
pii: 1632145
pmc: PMC6773238
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
211-259Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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