Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 among people who used illicit drugs in the state of Pará, northern Brazil.
Adolescent
Adult
Brazil
/ epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Drug Users
Female
HTLV-I Infections
/ epidemiology
HTLV-II Infections
/ epidemiology
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
/ isolation & purification
Human T-lymphotropic virus 2
/ isolation & purification
Humans
Illicit Drugs
/ adverse effects
Male
Prevalence
Young Adult
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
14 10 2019
14 10 2019
Historique:
received:
04
07
2019
accepted:
28
09
2019
entrez:
16
10
2019
pubmed:
16
10
2019
medline:
31
10
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
People who used illicit drugs (PWUDs) represent an important population group for acquisition and viral dispersion. In Brazil, high rates of the human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and 2 (HTLV-2) have been reported in epidemiological studies. However, the epidemiological scenario of HTLV-1/2 infections in PWUDs is still poorly understood. Thus, this cross-sectional study determined the prevalence, frequency of subtypes and factors associated with HTLV-1/2 infections among PWUDs in the Brazilian state of Pará, an area considered endemic for this virus and with poor health services. Among 826 PWUDs, 53 (6.4%) presented anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies by EIA and 44 (5.3%) presented proviral DNA by PCR. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 were detected in 25 (3.0%) and 19 (2.3%) PWUDs, respectively. Subtypes 1a (25/44), transcontinental (23/44) and Japanese subgroups (2/44), 2b (6/44) and 2c (13/44) were identified. Involvement in illicit/criminal activity, daily use of illicit drugs, illicit drug use over 12 years, unprotected sex with other PWUDs, changes in genitalia (including ulcers and wounds), and more than 12 sexual partners were associated with HTLV-1/2 in PWUDs. This high prevalence and intense circulation of subtypes and subgroups of HTLV-1/2 is very worrying, and indicate the need for urgent actions for its control, prevention and treatment.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31611600
doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51383-7
pii: 10.1038/s41598-019-51383-7
pmc: PMC6791863
doi:
Substances chimiques
Illicit Drugs
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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