The association between health conditions and cannabis use in patients with opioid use disorder receiving methadone maintenance treatment.

Drugs of dependence disorders cannabis opioid use disorder

Journal

BJPsych open
ISSN: 2056-4724
Titre abrégé: BJPsych Open
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101667931

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
18 Oct 2019
Historique:
entrez: 19 10 2019
pubmed: 19 10 2019
medline: 19 10 2019
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Cannabis is the most commonly used substance among patients in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for opioid use disorder. Current treatment programmes neither screen nor manage cannabis use. The recent legalisation of cannabis in Canada incites consideration into how this may affect the current opioid crisis. Investigate the health status of cannabis users in MMT. Patients were recruited from addiction clinics in Ontario, Canada. Regression analyses were used to assess the association between adverse health conditions and cannabis use. Further analyses were used to assess sex differences and heaviness of cannabis use. We included 672 patients (49.9% cannabis users). Cannabis users were more likely to consume alcohol (odds ratio 1.46, 95% CI 1.04-2.06, P = 0.029) and have anxiety disorders (odds ratio 1.75, 95% CI 1.02-3.02, P = 0.043), but were less likely to use heroin (odds ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.24-0.86, P = 0.016). There was no association between cannabis use and pain (odds ratio 0.98, 95% CI 0.94-1.03, P = 0.463). A significant association was seen between alcohol and cannabis use in women (odds ratio 1.79, 95% CI 1.06-3.02, P = 0.028), and anxiety disorders and cannabis use in men (odds ratio 2.59, 95% CI 1.21-5.53, P = 0.014). Heaviness of cannabis use was not associated with health outcomes. Our results suggest that cannabis use is common and associated with psychiatric comorbidities and substance use among patients in MMT, advocating for screening of cannabis use in this population. None.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Cannabis is the most commonly used substance among patients in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for opioid use disorder. Current treatment programmes neither screen nor manage cannabis use. The recent legalisation of cannabis in Canada incites consideration into how this may affect the current opioid crisis.
AIMS OBJECTIVE
Investigate the health status of cannabis users in MMT.
METHOD METHODS
Patients were recruited from addiction clinics in Ontario, Canada. Regression analyses were used to assess the association between adverse health conditions and cannabis use. Further analyses were used to assess sex differences and heaviness of cannabis use.
RESULTS RESULTS
We included 672 patients (49.9% cannabis users). Cannabis users were more likely to consume alcohol (odds ratio 1.46, 95% CI 1.04-2.06, P = 0.029) and have anxiety disorders (odds ratio 1.75, 95% CI 1.02-3.02, P = 0.043), but were less likely to use heroin (odds ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.24-0.86, P = 0.016). There was no association between cannabis use and pain (odds ratio 0.98, 95% CI 0.94-1.03, P = 0.463). A significant association was seen between alcohol and cannabis use in women (odds ratio 1.79, 95% CI 1.06-3.02, P = 0.028), and anxiety disorders and cannabis use in men (odds ratio 2.59, 95% CI 1.21-5.53, P = 0.014). Heaviness of cannabis use was not associated with health outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that cannabis use is common and associated with psychiatric comorbidities and substance use among patients in MMT, advocating for screening of cannabis use in this population.
DECLARATION OF INTEREST BACKGROUND
None.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2019.78 PMID: 31625495 PMC: PMC6854359
pubmed: 31625495
doi: 10.1192/bjo.2019.78
pii: S2056472419000784
pmc: PMC6854359
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

e91

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Auteurs

Ieta Shams (I)

Medical student, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2263-0025

Nitika Sanger (N)

PhD student, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada.

Meha Bhatt (M)

Researcher, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University; and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Canada.

Tea Rosic (T)

Psychiatry Resident, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7406-4056

Candice Luo (C)

Medical Student, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada.

Hamnah Shahid (H)

Psychology Graduate Program Student, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada.

Natalia Mouravska (N)

Psychiatry Resident, Department of Psychiatry, The Ottawa Hospital General Campus, Canada.

Sabrina Lue Tam (SL)

Resident, HHS McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Canada.

Alannah Hillmer (A)

Graduate student, Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Canada.

Caroul Chawar (C)

Graduate student, Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Canada.

Alessia D'Elia (A)

Graduate student, Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Canada.

Jacqueline Hudson (J)

Research Assistant, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada.

David Marsh (D)

Addiction Medicine Specialist, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University; and Researcher, Canadian Addiction Treatment Centres, Canada.

Lehana Thabane (L)

Professor, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton; and Researcher, Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH) Research Institute, McMaster University, Canada.

Zainab Samaan (Z)

Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University; Psychiatrist, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University; and Researcher, Population Genomics Program, Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Canada.

Classifications MeSH