Correlation of Olfactory Phenotype by Indian Smell Identification Test and Quantitative MRI of Olfactory Apparatus in Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism.
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Kallmann syndrome
olfactory bulb
smell test
Journal
Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism
ISSN: 2230-8210
Titre abrégé: Indian J Endocrinol Metab
Pays: India
ID NLM: 101555690
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
entrez:
24
10
2019
pubmed:
24
10
2019
medline:
24
10
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) can be associated with anosmia/hyposmia. The objective of this study is to evaluate olfaction by Indian smell identification test (INSIT) and measure olfactory bulbs (OBs) and sulci using dedicated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with IHH and correlate MRI findings with INSIT. Forty patients with IHH underwent (a) brief smell identification test (INSIT) and (b) MRI of the olfactory apparatus. The size of olfactory sulcus and bulb was quantified and compared with the normative data obtained in 22 controls. The agreement between INSIT and MRI was assessed using Kappa index. Of the 40 patients, 8 patients who reported abnormal smell sensation and 12 of the remaining 32 patients who reported normal smell sensation historically had a low score on INSIT. Thus, there were 20 patients with Kallmann syndrome (KS) and the rest 20 were normosmic IHH (nIHH). Of 40 patients with IHH, MRI finding was suggestive of normal ( Self-reporting of smell significantly underestimates olfactory phenotype, and hence we recommend an objective smell test to differentiate KS from nIHH. Olfactory phenotype significantly correlates with MRI quantification of olfactory apparatus in IHH.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31641641
doi: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_28_19
pii: IJEM-23-367
pmc: PMC6683694
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
367-372Informations de copyright
Copyright: © 2019 Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
There are no conflicts of interest.
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