Retrospective review of total neoadjuvant therapy.

Colorectal cancer Gastrointestinal oncology Locally advanced rectal cancer Multi-agent chemotherapy National cancer database Neoadjuvant chemoradiation Retrospective review Surgical excision Temporal trends Total neoadjuvant therapy

Journal

World journal of gastrointestinal oncology
ISSN: 1948-5204
Titre abrégé: World J Gastrointest Oncol
Pays: China
ID NLM: 101532470

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
15 Oct 2019
Historique:
received: 27 02 2019
revised: 01 05 2019
accepted: 12 09 2019
entrez: 31 10 2019
pubmed: 31 10 2019
medline: 31 10 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by resection and postoperative multi-agent chemotherapy (maChT) is the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. Using this approach, maChT administration can be delayed for several months, leading to concern for distant metastases. To counteract this, a novel treatment approach known as total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has gained popularity, in which patients receive both maChT and nCRT prior to resection. We utilized the National Cancer Database to examine temporal trends in TNT usage, and any potential effect on survival. To study the temporal trends in the usage of TNT and evaluate its efficacy compared to neoadjuvant chemoradiation. We queried the National Cancer Database for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, Stage II-III, from 2004-2015 treated with nCRT or TNT. TNT was defined as maChT initiated ≥ 90 d prior to nCRT initiation. Overall survival was calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of last contact or death using Kaplan-Meier curves to present the cumulative probability of survival, with log-rank statistics to assess significance. Multivariable cox regression was used to identify predictors of survival and propensity score analysis accounted for bias. We identified 9066 eligible patients, with 8812 and 254 patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by maChT and TNT, respectively. Nodal involvement, stage III disease, and treatment in recent years were predictive of TNT use. There was greater use of TNT with more advanced stage, specifically > 1 node involved (odds ratio [OR] = 2.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.11-3.93, Our data demonstrates a rising trend in TNT use, particularly in patients with worse disease. Patients treated with TNT and nCRT had similar survival. Randomized trials evaluating TNT are underway.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by resection and postoperative multi-agent chemotherapy (maChT) is the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. Using this approach, maChT administration can be delayed for several months, leading to concern for distant metastases. To counteract this, a novel treatment approach known as total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has gained popularity, in which patients receive both maChT and nCRT prior to resection. We utilized the National Cancer Database to examine temporal trends in TNT usage, and any potential effect on survival.
AIM OBJECTIVE
To study the temporal trends in the usage of TNT and evaluate its efficacy compared to neoadjuvant chemoradiation.
METHODS METHODS
We queried the National Cancer Database for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, Stage II-III, from 2004-2015 treated with nCRT or TNT. TNT was defined as maChT initiated ≥ 90 d prior to nCRT initiation. Overall survival was calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of last contact or death using Kaplan-Meier curves to present the cumulative probability of survival, with log-rank statistics to assess significance. Multivariable cox regression was used to identify predictors of survival and propensity score analysis accounted for bias.
RESULTS RESULTS
We identified 9066 eligible patients, with 8812 and 254 patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by maChT and TNT, respectively. Nodal involvement, stage III disease, and treatment in recent years were predictive of TNT use. There was greater use of TNT with more advanced stage, specifically > 1 node involved (odds ratio [OR] = 2.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.11-3.93,
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Our data demonstrates a rising trend in TNT use, particularly in patients with worse disease. Patients treated with TNT and nCRT had similar survival. Randomized trials evaluating TNT are underway.

Identifiants

pubmed: 31662824
doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i10.857
pmc: PMC6815926
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

857-865

Informations de copyright

©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

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Auteurs

Laila Babar (L)

Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States. laila.babar@ahn.org.

Veli Bakalov (V)

Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Stephen Abel (S)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Obaid Ashraf (O)

Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Gene Grant Finley (GG)

Department of Medical Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Moses S Raj (MS)

Department of Medical Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Kristina Lundeen (K)

Department of Medical Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Dulabh K Monga (DK)

Department of Medical Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Alexander V Kirichenko (AV)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Rodney E Wegner (RE)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Classifications MeSH