Does the gut microbiota contribute to the oligodendrocyte progenitor niche?
Brain
Development
Microbiome
Myelination
Oligodendrocyte
Journal
Neuroscience letters
ISSN: 1872-7972
Titre abrégé: Neurosci Lett
Pays: Ireland
ID NLM: 7600130
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 01 2020
10 01 2020
Historique:
received:
12
07
2019
revised:
15
10
2019
accepted:
18
10
2019
pubmed:
2
11
2019
medline:
15
12
2020
entrez:
1
11
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The past decade has seen a growing number of studies on the relationship between the gut microbiota and the brain. This mini-review will focus on the unexpected findings linking the microbiome to myelination. We first address the temporal correlation between the acquisition of a gut microbiota in the developing organism and developmental myelination. We then review the factors impacting the composition of the child's gut microbiota, ranging from maternal stress to modality of delivery and from breastfeeding and diet composition to antibiotic treatment early in life. We discuss the topic of gut-brain communication with an emphasis on myelination, and propose the concept that gut microbes produce metabolites which may constitute a "metabolic" niche. Distinct bacterial communities may create very different "niches", some permissive and others inhibitory for myelin generation or maintenance. We speculate that this concept of "gut dysbiosis" may also in part explain the reduced myelin content detected in several neurological and psychiatric disorders. We conclude by envisioning intervention with probiotics and prebiotics to favor the formation of a microbial metabolic "niche" favoring myelin production to promote brain health.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31669313
pii: S0304-3940(19)30677-9
doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134574
pmc: PMC7017590
mid: NIHMS1068278
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
134574Subventions
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R35 NS111604
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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