The clinical challenges of synthetic cathinones.
drug misuse
drug prevention
drug-induced aggression
new psychoactive substances
synthetic cathinones
Journal
British journal of clinical pharmacology
ISSN: 1365-2125
Titre abrégé: Br J Clin Pharmacol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7503323
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2020
03 2020
Historique:
received:
17
06
2019
revised:
07
08
2019
accepted:
05
09
2019
pubmed:
2
11
2019
medline:
29
7
2021
entrez:
2
11
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Within the new psychoactive substances (NPS) scenario, several hundred different molecules, mostly including synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones, have been identified so far. The aims of the paper were to: (i) identify the number of synthetic cathinones mentioned in a range of psychonaut, NPS-related, online sources; and (ii) describe the associated acute/long term clinical scenario and the related treatment/management plan. After about 18 months of operation and exclusion of false positives/duplicates, some 4204 unique NPS molecules were included in the NPSfinder® crawling/navigating software database. Most popular NPS included: 1265 psychedelic phenethylamines (30.1%; confidence interval [CI] 95%: 28.7-31.5%); 1253 synthetic cannabinoids (29.8%; CI 95%: 28.4-31.2%); 429 synthetic opioids (10.2%; CI 95%: 9.3-10.2%); and 171 synthetic cathinones (4.1%; CI 95% 3.5-4.7%). Conversely, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction databases respectively included 169 and 140 cathinones. Overall, the 3 databases reported some 222 synthetic cathinones, and 41 were uniquely identified by the NPSfinder®. In terms of clinical scenarios, synthetic cathinone ingestion is initially associated with stimulant effects; however, psychopathological disturbances, violence, suicidal behaviour, hyperthermia, coma and death have also been described. The proportion of cathinones commented on by psychonaut fora appeared to be relatively small, and similar to those reported by both the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. This may be associated with a recent significant decline in both cathinone-related consumption and acute medical presentation. Due to their complex behavioural and medical toxicity issues, healthcare professionals should be, however, be educated to recognise the signs and symptoms of NPS, including synthetic cathinone, ingestion.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31674690
doi: 10.1111/bcp.14132
pmc: PMC7080616
doi:
Substances chimiques
Alkaloids
0
Illicit Drugs
0
Psychotropic Drugs
0
cathinone
540EI4406J
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
410-419Informations de copyright
© 2019 The British Pharmacological Society.
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