Postexposure Effects of Vaccines on Infectious Diseases.
immunization
immunotherapy
infectious disease
postexposure prophylaxis
vaccines
Journal
Epidemiologic reviews
ISSN: 1478-6729
Titre abrégé: Epidemiol Rev
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7910703
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
31 01 2019
31 01 2019
Historique:
revised:
04
10
2019
accepted:
21
10
2019
pubmed:
5
11
2019
medline:
14
7
2020
entrez:
5
11
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
We searched the PubMed database for clinical trials and observational human studies about postexposure vaccination effects, targeting infections with approved vaccines and vaccines licensed outside the United States against dengue, hepatitis E, malaria, and tick-borne encephalitis. Studies of animal models, serologic testing, and pipeline vaccines were excluded. Eligible studies were evaluated by definition of exposure; attempts to distinguish pre- and postexposure effects were rated on a scale of 1 to 4. We screened 4,518 articles and ultimately identified for this review 14 clinical trials and 31 observational studies spanning 7 of the 28 vaccine-preventable diseases. For secondary attack rate, the following medians were found for postexposure vaccination effectiveness: hepatitis A, 85% (interquartile range (IQR), 28; n = 5 sources); hepatitis B, 85% (IQR, 22; n = 5 sources); measles, 83% (IQR, 21; n = 8 sources); varicella, 67% (IQR: 48; n = 9 sources); smallpox, 45% (IQR, 39; n = 4 sources); and mumps, 38% (IQR, 7; n = 2 sources). For case fatality proportions resulting from rabies and smallpox, the median vaccine postexposure efficacies were 100% (IQR, 0; n = 6 sources) and 63% (IQR, 50; n = 8 sources), respectively. Many available vaccines can modify or preclude disease if administered after exposure. This postexposure effectiveness could be important to consider during vaccine trials and while developing new vaccines.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31680134
pii: 5610787
doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxz014
pmc: PMC7159179
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
13-27Subventions
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : U54 GM088558
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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