The origin of the exceptionally low activation energy of oxygen vacancy in tantalum pentoxide based resistive memory.

It is well known that collective migrations of oxygen vacancies in oxide is the key principle of resistance change in oxide-based resistive memory (OxRAM). The practical usefulness of OxRAM mainly arises from the fact that these oxygen vacancy migrations take place at relatively low operating voltages. The activation energy of oxygen vacancy migration, which can be inferred from the operational voltage of an OxRAM, is much smaller compared to the experimentally measured activation energy of oxygen, and the underlying mechanism of the discrepancy has not been highlighted yet. We ask this fundamental question in this paper for tantalum oxide which is one of the most commonly employed oxides in OxRAMs and try the theoretical answer based on the first-principles calculations. From the results, it is proven that the exceptionally large mobility of oxygen vacancy expected by the switching model can be well explained by the exceptionally low activation barrier of positively charged oxygen vacancy within the two-dimensional substructure.