Hepatitis B and C in the adult population of Bissau, Guinea-Bissau: a cross-sectional survey.


Journal

Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH
ISSN: 1365-3156
Titre abrégé: Trop Med Int Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9610576

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
02 2020
Historique:
pubmed: 21 11 2019
medline: 3 10 2020
entrez: 21 11 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are prevalent in West Africa. To address the WHO 2030 goals of a 90% reduction in incidence and a 65% reduction in mortality for both infections, we assessed the prevalence of HBV and HCV from surveys in the general population. Participants in this cross-sectional survey were included from randomly selected houses in a demographic surveillance site in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. Participants were interviewed and had a blood sample drawn for viral analyses (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV and HCV RNA). Risk factors of HBV and HCV infection were determined by binomial regression adjusted for sex and age. A total of 2715 participants were included in this study. The overall HBsAg prevalence was 18.7% (95% CI: 17.3-20.2%). HBsAg was associated with male sex (adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 1.64), and prevalence decreased with age >34 years. HBV exposure was found in 91.9% of participants. Although 72.6% of individuals without sexual debut had been exposed to HBV, ever engaging in a sexual relationship was associated with higher risk of HBV exposure (aRR 1.18). The anti-HCV prevalence was 0.5% (95% CI: 0.3-0.9%), and 78.6% of those had detectable HCV RNA. Risk factors for anti-HCV sero-positivity were age above 55 (aRR 10.60), a history of blood transfusion (aRR 5.07) and being in a polygamous marriage (aRR 3.52). In Guinea-Bissau initiatives to implement treatment and widespread testing are needed to reach the WHO 2030 goals. Le virus de l'hépatite B (VHB) et le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) sont répandus en Afrique de l'Ouest. Pour atteindre les objectifs de 2030 de l'OMS d'une réduction de 90% de l'incidence et de 65% de la mortalité pour les deux infections, nous avons évalué la prévalence du VHB et du VHC à partir d'enquêtes dans la population générale. MÉTHODES: Les participants inclus dans cette enquête transversale provenaient de foyers sélectionnés au hasard dans un site de surveillance démographique à Bissau, en Guinée-Bissau. Les participants ont été interrogés et ont subi un prélèvement d’échantillon de sang pour des analyses virales (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV et ARN du HCV). Les facteurs de risque d'infection par le VHB et le VHC ont été déterminés par la régression binomiale ajustée en fonction du sexe et de l'âge. RÉSULTATS: 2.715 participants ont été inclus dans cette étude. La prévalence globale de l'HBsAg était de 18,7% (IC95%: 17,3-20,2%). L'HBsAg était associé au sexe masculin (rapport de risque ajusté (aRR): 1,64), et la prévalence diminuait avec l'âge >34 ans. Une exposition au VHB a été observée chez 91,9% des participants. Bien que 72,6% des personnes sans début d’activité sexuelle aient été exposées au VHB, le fait de s'engager dans des relations sexuelles était associé à un risque plus élevé d'exposition au VHB (aRR: 1,18). La prévalence d’anti-VHC était de 0,5% (IC95%: 0,3-0,9%) et 78,6% d'entre eux avaient de l'ARN du VHC détectable. Les facteurs de risque de séropositivité anti-VHC étaient l'âge de plus de 55 ans (aRR: 10,60), les antécédents de transfusion sanguine (aRR: 5,07) et le fait d'être dans un mariage polygame (aRR: 3,52). En Guinée-Bissau, des initiatives pour mettre en œuvre un traitement et des tests généralisés sont nécessaires pour atteindre les objectifs de l'OMS 2030.

Autres résumés

Type: Publisher (fre)
Le virus de l'hépatite B (VHB) et le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) sont répandus en Afrique de l'Ouest. Pour atteindre les objectifs de 2030 de l'OMS d'une réduction de 90% de l'incidence et de 65% de la mortalité pour les deux infections, nous avons évalué la prévalence du VHB et du VHC à partir d'enquêtes dans la population générale. MÉTHODES: Les participants inclus dans cette enquête transversale provenaient de foyers sélectionnés au hasard dans un site de surveillance démographique à Bissau, en Guinée-Bissau. Les participants ont été interrogés et ont subi un prélèvement d’échantillon de sang pour des analyses virales (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV et ARN du HCV). Les facteurs de risque d'infection par le VHB et le VHC ont été déterminés par la régression binomiale ajustée en fonction du sexe et de l'âge. RÉSULTATS: 2.715 participants ont été inclus dans cette étude. La prévalence globale de l'HBsAg était de 18,7% (IC95%: 17,3-20,2%). L'HBsAg était associé au sexe masculin (rapport de risque ajusté (aRR): 1,64), et la prévalence diminuait avec l'âge >34 ans. Une exposition au VHB a été observée chez 91,9% des participants. Bien que 72,6% des personnes sans début d’activité sexuelle aient été exposées au VHB, le fait de s'engager dans des relations sexuelles était associé à un risque plus élevé d'exposition au VHB (aRR: 1,18). La prévalence d’anti-VHC était de 0,5% (IC95%: 0,3-0,9%) et 78,6% d'entre eux avaient de l'ARN du VHC détectable. Les facteurs de risque de séropositivité anti-VHC étaient l'âge de plus de 55 ans (aRR: 10,60), les antécédents de transfusion sanguine (aRR: 5,07) et le fait d'être dans un mariage polygame (aRR: 3,52).

Identifiants

pubmed: 31746078
doi: 10.1111/tmi.13335
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

255-263

Subventions

Organisme : Aase og Ejnar Danielsens Fond
Pays : International
Organisme : Aage og Johanne Louis-Hansens Fond
Pays : International

Informations de copyright

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Auteurs

Bo Langhoff Hønge (BL)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Jens Steen Olesen (JS)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Mads Mose Jensen (MM)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Sanne Jespersen (S)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Zacarias José da Silva (ZJ)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
National Public Health Laboratory, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.

Amabélia Rodrigues (A)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.

Alex Lund Laursen (AL)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Christian Wejse (C)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
GloHAU, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Henrik Krarup (H)

Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.

Peter Aaby (P)

Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.

Christian Erikstrup (C)

Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

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