[Efficacy of Primary Prophylaxis with Pegfilgrastim after Docetaxel for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer].

Febrile neutropenia(FN)occurs in 3-25% of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)receiving docetaxel( DTX). Therefore, the need for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with DTX as prophylaxis has not been established. Herein, we report the efficacy of primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim after DTX in patients with CRPC. The subjects were 30 CRPC patients who received DTX at our hospital between January 2013 and October 2017. Twelve patients underwent primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim(Peg-G group), whereas the other 18 did not(control group). FN developed in 1(8.3%) and 8(44.4%)patients in the Peg-G and control groups, respectively(p=0.049). No significant differences were observed in RDI between the 2 groups. The average medical cost per course of DTX was lower in the Peg-G group than in the control group. These results demonstrate that primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim is useful because DTX induces FN at a high frequency in patients with CRPC, and pegfilgrastim significantly reduces its incidence without increasing the medical cost.