A qualitative study of e-cigarette emergence and the potential for renormalisation of smoking in UK youth.
E-cigarette
Renormalisation
Tobacco
Youth
Journal
The International journal on drug policy
ISSN: 1873-4758
Titre abrégé: Int J Drug Policy
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9014759
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2020
01 2020
Historique:
received:
28
03
2019
revised:
09
10
2019
accepted:
10
11
2019
pubmed:
1
12
2019
medline:
30
10
2020
entrez:
1
12
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Growth of e-cigarette use among smokers has raised concerns over uptake by non-smokers, particularly young people. Legislative changes aimed in part at reducing youth exposure to e-cigarettes include the EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD). A core justification for such measures is the belief that e-cigarettes can lead to tobacco smoking through mechanisms of renormalisation including: mimicking and normalizing the act of smoking; increasing product acceptability via marketing; nicotine exposure. These mechanisms are here explored in relation to findings from qualitative research. This paper reports results from twenty-one group interviews with 14-15 year olds in Wales, England and Scotland, conducted as part of an ongoing evaluation of the impact of the TPD on youth smoking and e-cigarette use. Interviews were conducted around the end of the transitional period for TPD implementation, and explored perceptions of e-cigarettes and tobacco, as well as similarities and differences between them. Young people differentiated between tobacco and e-cigarettes, rejecting the term e-cigarette in favour of alternatives such as 'vapes'. Experimental or occasional use was common and generally approved of where occurring within social activity with peers. However, regular use outside of this context was widely disapproved of, unless for the purpose of stopping smoking. Increased prevalence of e-cigarettes did not challenge strongly negative views of smoking or reduce perceived harms caused by it, with disapproval of smoking remaining high. Nicotine use was variable, with flavour a stronger driver for choice of e-liquid, and interest more generally. The extent to which participants differentiated between vaping and smoking, including styles and reasons for use in adults and young people; absence of marketing awareness; and continued strong disapproval of smoking provides limited support for some of the potential mechanisms through which e-cigarettes may renormalise smoking. However caution over nicotine exposure is still necessary.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Growth of e-cigarette use among smokers has raised concerns over uptake by non-smokers, particularly young people. Legislative changes aimed in part at reducing youth exposure to e-cigarettes include the EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD). A core justification for such measures is the belief that e-cigarettes can lead to tobacco smoking through mechanisms of renormalisation including: mimicking and normalizing the act of smoking; increasing product acceptability via marketing; nicotine exposure. These mechanisms are here explored in relation to findings from qualitative research.
METHODS
This paper reports results from twenty-one group interviews with 14-15 year olds in Wales, England and Scotland, conducted as part of an ongoing evaluation of the impact of the TPD on youth smoking and e-cigarette use. Interviews were conducted around the end of the transitional period for TPD implementation, and explored perceptions of e-cigarettes and tobacco, as well as similarities and differences between them.
RESULTS
Young people differentiated between tobacco and e-cigarettes, rejecting the term e-cigarette in favour of alternatives such as 'vapes'. Experimental or occasional use was common and generally approved of where occurring within social activity with peers. However, regular use outside of this context was widely disapproved of, unless for the purpose of stopping smoking. Increased prevalence of e-cigarettes did not challenge strongly negative views of smoking or reduce perceived harms caused by it, with disapproval of smoking remaining high. Nicotine use was variable, with flavour a stronger driver for choice of e-liquid, and interest more generally.
CONCLUSION
The extent to which participants differentiated between vaping and smoking, including styles and reasons for use in adults and young people; absence of marketing awareness; and continued strong disapproval of smoking provides limited support for some of the potential mechanisms through which e-cigarettes may renormalise smoking. However caution over nicotine exposure is still necessary.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31785547
pii: S0955-3959(19)30305-6
doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.11.006
pmc: PMC6983925
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
102598Subventions
Organisme : Chief Scientist Office
ID : SPHSU14
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : 16/57/01
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : British Heart Foundation
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/KO232331/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : 16/57/01
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : PHR/16/57/01
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_12017/14
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Cancer Research UK
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/K023233/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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