Effects of emergency obstetric care training on maternal and perinatal outcomes: a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial in South Africa.

health services research health systems evaluation maternal health obstetrics

Journal

BMJ global health
ISSN: 2059-7908
Titre abrégé: BMJ Glob Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101685275

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2019
Historique:
received: 26 04 2019
revised: 02 08 2019
accepted: 10 08 2019
entrez: 5 12 2019
pubmed: 5 12 2019
medline: 5 12 2019
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Two-thirds of maternal deaths and 40% of intrapartum-related neonatal deaths are thought to be preventable through emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmOC&NC). The effectiveness of 'skills and drills' training of maternity staff in EmOC&NC was evaluated. Implementation research using a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial including 127 of 129 healthcare facilities (HCFs) across the 11 districts in South Africa with the highest maternal mortality. The sequence in which all districts received EmOC&NC training was randomised but could not be blinded. The timing of training resulted in 10 districts providing data before and 10 providing data after EmOC&NC training. Primary outcome measures derived for HCFs are as follows: stillbirth rate (SBR), early neonatal death (ENND) rate, institutional maternal mortality ratio (iMMR) and direct obstetric case fatality rate (CFR), number of complications recognised and managed and CFR by complication. At baseline, median SBR (per 1000 births) and ENND rate (per 1000 live births) were 9 (IQR 0-28) and 0 (IQR 0-9). No significant changes following training in EmOC&NC were detected for any of the stated outcomes: SBR (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 0.97, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.05), iMMR (aIRR 1.23, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.90), ENND rate (aIRR 1.04, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.17) and direct obstetric CFR (aIRR 1.15, 95% CI 0.66 to 2.02). The number of women who were recognised to need and received EmOC was significantly increased overall (aIRR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.27), for haemorrhage (aIRR 1.31, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.52) and for postpartum sepsis (aIRR 1.86, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.95). Following EmOC&NC training, healthcare providers are more able to recognise and manage complications at time of birth. This trial did not provide evidence that the intervention was effective in reducing adverse clinical outcomes, but demonstrates randomised evaluations are feasible in implementation research. ISRCTN11224105.

Identifiants

pubmed: 31798985
doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001670
pii: bmjgh-2019-001670
pmc: PMC6861119
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

e001670

Informations de copyright

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: None declared.

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Auteurs

Nynke van den Broek (N)

Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.

Charles Ameh (C)

Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.

Barbara Madaj (B)

Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.

Jennifer Makin (J)

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.

Sarah White (S)

Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.

Karla Hemming (K)

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

J Moodley (J)

Womens Health and HIV Reaserch unit, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.

Robert Pattinson (R)

MRC Maternal and Infant Health Care Strategies Unit, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.

Classifications MeSH