Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Compulsivity
Disinhibition
Inhibition
OCD
Phenotype
Phenotyping
Journal
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
ISSN: 2451-9030
Titre abrégé: Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101671285
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2020
02 2020
Historique:
received:
10
07
2019
revised:
19
09
2019
accepted:
27
09
2019
pubmed:
7
12
2019
medline:
9
3
2021
entrez:
7
12
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition, with biological models implicating disruption of cortically mediated inhibitory control pathways, ordinarily serving to regulate our environmental responses and habits. The aim of this study was to evaluate inhibition-related cortical dysconnectivity as a novel candidate vulnerability marker of OCD. In total, 20 patients with OCD, 18 clinically asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with OCD, and 20 control participants took part in a neuroimaging study comprising a functional magnetic resonance imaging stop signal task. Brain activations during the contrasts of interest were cluster thresholded, and a three-dimensional watershed algorithm was used to decompose activation maps into discrete clusters. Functional connections between these key neural nodes were examined using a generalized psychophysiological interaction model. The three groups did not differ in terms of age, education level, gender, IQ, or behavioral task parameters. Patients with OCD exhibited hyperactivation of the bilateral occipital cortex during the task versus the other groups. Compared with control participants, patients with OCD and their relatives exhibited significantly reduced connectivity between neural nodes, including frontal cortical, middle occipital cortical, and cerebellar regions, during the stop signal task. These findings indicate that hypoconnectivity between anterior and posterior cortical regions during inhibitory control represents a candidate vulnerability marker for OCD. Such vulnerability markers, if found to generalize, may be valuable to shed light on etiological processes contributing not only to OCD but also obsessive-compulsive-related disorders more widely.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition, with biological models implicating disruption of cortically mediated inhibitory control pathways, ordinarily serving to regulate our environmental responses and habits. The aim of this study was to evaluate inhibition-related cortical dysconnectivity as a novel candidate vulnerability marker of OCD.
METHODS
In total, 20 patients with OCD, 18 clinically asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with OCD, and 20 control participants took part in a neuroimaging study comprising a functional magnetic resonance imaging stop signal task. Brain activations during the contrasts of interest were cluster thresholded, and a three-dimensional watershed algorithm was used to decompose activation maps into discrete clusters. Functional connections between these key neural nodes were examined using a generalized psychophysiological interaction model.
RESULTS
The three groups did not differ in terms of age, education level, gender, IQ, or behavioral task parameters. Patients with OCD exhibited hyperactivation of the bilateral occipital cortex during the task versus the other groups. Compared with control participants, patients with OCD and their relatives exhibited significantly reduced connectivity between neural nodes, including frontal cortical, middle occipital cortical, and cerebellar regions, during the stop signal task.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings indicate that hypoconnectivity between anterior and posterior cortical regions during inhibitory control represents a candidate vulnerability marker for OCD. Such vulnerability markers, if found to generalize, may be valuable to shed light on etiological processes contributing not only to OCD but also obsessive-compulsive-related disorders more widely.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31806485
pii: S2451-9022(19)30265-4
doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.09.010
pmc: PMC7003031
mid: EMS84504
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
222-230Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 104631
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 110049
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_G0802534
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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