Gut microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease: Current concepts and perspectives.
alcohol
alcohol-related liver disease
bile acids
cirrhosis
fatty liver
gut-liver axis
microbiota
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
steatosis
translocation
Journal
Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology
ISSN: 1386-6346
Titre abrégé: Hepatol Res
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9711801
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Apr 2020
Apr 2020
Historique:
received:
31
10
2020
revised:
05
12
2020
accepted:
10
12
2020
pubmed:
17
12
2019
medline:
17
12
2019
entrez:
17
12
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The term, gut-liver axis, is used to highlight the close anatomical and functional relationship between the intestine and the liver. It has been increasingly recognized that the gut-liver axis plays an essential role in the development and progression of liver disease. In particular, in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease, the two most common causes of chronic liver disease, a dysbiotic gut microbiota can influence intestinal permeability, allowing some pathogens or bacteria-derived factors from the gut reaching the liver through the enterohepatic circulation contributing to liver injury, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis progression. Pathways involved are multiple, including changes in bile acid metabolism, intestinal ethanol production, generation of short-chain fatty acids, and other by-products. Bile acids act through dedicated bile acid receptors, farnesoid X receptor and TGR5, in both the ileum and the liver, influencing lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. Currently, both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease lack effective therapies, and therapeutic targeting of gut microbiota and bile acids enterohepatic circulation holds promise. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease, as well as the relevance of microbiota or bile acid-based approaches in the management of those liver diseases.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31840358
doi: 10.1111/hepr.13473
pmc: PMC7187400
mid: NIHMS1578651
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
407-418Subventions
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AA021171
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK059615
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK084567
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : R37 AA021171
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R56 DK059615
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Japan Society of Hepatology.
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