Epigenetics in rheumatoid arthritis; fibroblast-like synoviocytes as an emerging paradigm in the pathogenesis of the disease.
DNA methylation
epigenetics
fibroblast-like synoviocytes
histone modifications
noncoding RNA
rheumatoid arthritis
Journal
Immunology and cell biology
ISSN: 1440-1711
Titre abrégé: Immunol Cell Biol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8706300
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2020
03 2020
Historique:
received:
15
05
2019
revised:
14
12
2019
accepted:
16
12
2019
pubmed:
20
12
2019
medline:
18
11
2020
entrez:
20
12
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by immune dysfunctions and chronic inflammation that mainly affects diarthrodial joints. Genetics has long been surveyed in searching for the etiopathogenesis of the disease and partially clarified the conundrums within this context. Epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, which have been considered to be involved in RA pathogenesis, likely explain the nongenetic risk factors. Epigenetic modifications may influence RA through fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). It has been shown that FLSs play an essential role in the onset and exacerbation of RA, and therefore, they may illustrate some aspects of RA pathogenesis. These cells exhibit a unique DNA methylation profile in the early stage of the disease that changes with disease progression. Histone acetylation profile in RA FLSs is disrupted through the imbalance of histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylase activity. Furthermore, dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is immense. Most of these miRNAs have shown an aberrant expression in FLSs that are involved in proliferation and cytokine production. Besides, dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs in FLSs has been revealed and attributed to RA pathogenesis. Further investigations are needed to get a better view of epigenetic alterations and their interactions. We also discuss the role of these epigenetic alterations in RA pathogenesis and their therapeutic potential.
Substances chimiques
Histones
0
MicroRNAs
0
RNA, Long Noncoding
0
Histone Acetyltransferases
EC 2.3.1.48
Histone Deacetylases
EC 3.5.1.98
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
171-186Informations de copyright
© 2019 Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology Inc.
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