Factors associated with failure of dog's weight loss programmes.

Animals Caloric Restriction / methods Dogs / physiology Physical Conditioning, Animal / methods Retrospective Studies Weight Reduction Programs / statistics & numerical data
canine compliance diet nutrition obesity

Journal

Veterinary medicine and science
ISSN: 2053-1095
Titre abrégé: Vet Med Sci
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101678837

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
08 2020
Historique:
received: 05 12 2018
revised: 25 10 2019
accepted: 03 11 2019
pubmed: 27 12 2019
medline: 16 3 2021
entrez: 27 12 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Canine obesity is the cause of several health issues, and may predispose other diseases, such as orthopaedic disorders, endocrinopathies, metabolic abnormalities and cardiorespiratory disease which can lead to a decreased quality of life and reduced lifespan. Dog are considered overweight when their body weight is ≥15% above their ideal body weight, and as obese when their body weight exceeds 30% of optimal. Prevalence of canine obesity is estimated to be around 5%-20%, and up to 30%-40% when all overweight dogs are considered. Treatment is based on weight loss programmes, focused on caloric restriction associated with exercise. However, success rate of treatment is low. The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for weight loss failure of obese dogs during treatment with low-calorie diets. Records of obese dogs undergoing weight loss programmes between May 2014 and May 2017, assessed by a team specialized in veterinary nutrition, were retrospectively evaluated. Dogs were classified according to weekly weight loss rate (WWLR) (<1%, between 1% and 2%, and more than 2%) and owner compliance with a dietary prescription and physical activity recommendations. The mean WWLR was not satisfactory (<1%) in 64.4% (n = 47/73) of dogs. Regarding owner compliance with the dietary prescription, 44.7% (n = 21/47) of owners did not follow diet prescriptions and physical activity recommendations for their dogs. There was a significant association (p = .01) between compliance of owners and satisfactory weight loss rate; however, there was no association between weight loss success, diet composition sex, reproductive status, age of the dogs and their physical activity (p ≥ .05). Non-compliance represents a great challenge in the treatment of canine obesity, and may be of more importance than other aspects.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Canine obesity is the cause of several health issues, and may predispose other diseases, such as orthopaedic disorders, endocrinopathies, metabolic abnormalities and cardiorespiratory disease which can lead to a decreased quality of life and reduced lifespan. Dog are considered overweight when their body weight is ≥15% above their ideal body weight, and as obese when their body weight exceeds 30% of optimal. Prevalence of canine obesity is estimated to be around 5%-20%, and up to 30%-40% when all overweight dogs are considered. Treatment is based on weight loss programmes, focused on caloric restriction associated with exercise. However, success rate of treatment is low.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for weight loss failure of obese dogs during treatment with low-calorie diets.
METHODS
Records of obese dogs undergoing weight loss programmes between May 2014 and May 2017, assessed by a team specialized in veterinary nutrition, were retrospectively evaluated. Dogs were classified according to weekly weight loss rate (WWLR) (<1%, between 1% and 2%, and more than 2%) and owner compliance with a dietary prescription and physical activity recommendations.
RESULTS
The mean WWLR was not satisfactory (<1%) in 64.4% (n = 47/73) of dogs. Regarding owner compliance with the dietary prescription, 44.7% (n = 21/47) of owners did not follow diet prescriptions and physical activity recommendations for their dogs. There was a significant association (p = .01) between compliance of owners and satisfactory weight loss rate; however, there was no association between weight loss success, diet composition sex, reproductive status, age of the dogs and their physical activity (p ≥ .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Non-compliance represents a great challenge in the treatment of canine obesity, and may be of more importance than other aspects.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1002/vms3.229 PMID: 31877241 PMC: PMC7397924
pubmed: 31877241
doi: 10.1002/vms3.229
pmc: PMC7397924
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

299-305

Informations de copyright

© 2019 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Auteurs

Mariana Y H Porsani (MYH)

Veterinary Internal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Fábio A Teixeira (FA)

Veterinary Internal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6198-9367

Andressa R Amaral (AR)

Veterinary Internal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Vivian Pedrinelli (V)

Veterinary Internal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Vinícius Vasques (V)

Veterinary Internal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Ariane G de Oliveira (AG)

Veterinary Internal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Thiago H A Vendramini (THA)

Nutrition and Animal Production Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Marcio A Brunetto (MA)

Nutrition and Animal Production Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil.
ORCID: 0000-0003-3240-0343

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Classifications MeSH

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questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes physiologiques › Alimentation et nutrition › Phénomènes physiologiques nutritionnels › Régime alimentaire › Ration calorique › Restriction calorique › Factors associated with failure of dog's...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Carnivora › Pinnipedia › Canidae › Chiens › Factors associated with failure of dog's...
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes physiologiques de l'appareil locomoteur et du système nerveux › Phénomènes physiologiques du système locomoteur › Mouvement › Activité motrice › Conditionnement physique d'animal › Factors associated with failure of dog's...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études de cohortes › Études rétrospectives › Factors associated with failure of dog's...
questionsmedicales.fr › Établissements, main d'oeuvre et services de soins de santé › Services de santé › Services de médecine préventive › Éducation pour la santé › Promotion de la santé › Programmes de perte de poids › Factors associated with failure of dog's...