Gluten Deprivation: What Nutritional Changes Are Found During the First Year in Newly Diagnosed Coeliac Children?

A gluten-free diet (GFD) can expose children to excessive calories and fat intake. The study is intended to verify whether and how food intake, laboratory parameters, and growth are modified by a year of GFD. In 79 CD (coeliac disease) children (mean age 7.9 ± 3.8 years, 52 females, 27 males) diagnosed over 24 months, 24-h food diaries, food-frequency patterns, anthropometric and laboratory parameters (mainly blood sugar, insulin, lipid profile, and homocysteine) were prospectively collected before and during the first year of GFD. Nutrient intakes were compared over time and with recommendations. They were also used as regressors to explain the levels and changes of metabolic and growth variables. Average macronutrient intake did not change during the year. Caloric intake remained below 90% ( In the short run, GFD is nutritionally very similar to any diet with gluten, with some improvements in unsaturated fats and fiber intake. Along with simple sugars containment, this may offer CD patients the opportunity for a fresh start. Caloric intakes may shift and should be monitored, especially in adolescents.