Evaluation of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium content in commercially available foods formulated for healthy cats.
adult
calcium
commercial
diets
feline
foods
phosphorus
Journal
Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
Titre abrégé: J Vet Intern Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8708660
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2020
Jan 2020
Historique:
received:
21
09
2019
accepted:
11
12
2019
pubmed:
29
12
2019
medline:
22
10
2020
entrez:
29
12
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
High dietary phosphorus (P) and low calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) are associated with kidney damage in cats. There are no established guidelines for dietary P maximum for cats. To quantify crude protein, P, Ca, and magnesium (Mg) concentrations in cat foods and compare among food formats (dry, canned, raw), primary protein ingredients, protein concentrations (low, moderate, high), grain-free versus grain-containing foods, foods intended for adult maintenance versus all life stages, and cost. Eighty-two commercial nonprescription cat foods. Descriptive study. Mineral concentrations were measured using inductively coupled argon plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Crude protein was measured using the Dumas nitrogen combustion method. Mineral and crude protein concentrations were compared among food categories. Twenty-seven foods contained ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal metabolizable energy (ME), of which 7 exceeded 4.8 g/1000 kcal ME. Thirteen foods had low Ca:P ratio (≤1.0). The low-protein diet group had no products ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME, which was significantly different compared to the high-protein diet group (52% of products had ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME; P = .01). No significant differences in P content and Ca:P ratio were found among other diet categories. Canned foods had significantly lower Mg compared to dry (P < .001) and raw (P = .007) foods. Declared minimum P and Ca were significantly lower than analyzed concentrations (P = .0005 and P = .003, respectively). The high number of foods with high P and low Ca suggest that pet food regulatory reform should be considered.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
High dietary phosphorus (P) and low calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) are associated with kidney damage in cats. There are no established guidelines for dietary P maximum for cats.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To quantify crude protein, P, Ca, and magnesium (Mg) concentrations in cat foods and compare among food formats (dry, canned, raw), primary protein ingredients, protein concentrations (low, moderate, high), grain-free versus grain-containing foods, foods intended for adult maintenance versus all life stages, and cost.
SAMPLES
METHODS
Eighty-two commercial nonprescription cat foods.
METHODS
METHODS
Descriptive study. Mineral concentrations were measured using inductively coupled argon plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Crude protein was measured using the Dumas nitrogen combustion method. Mineral and crude protein concentrations were compared among food categories.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Twenty-seven foods contained ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal metabolizable energy (ME), of which 7 exceeded 4.8 g/1000 kcal ME. Thirteen foods had low Ca:P ratio (≤1.0). The low-protein diet group had no products ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME, which was significantly different compared to the high-protein diet group (52% of products had ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME; P = .01). No significant differences in P content and Ca:P ratio were found among other diet categories. Canned foods had significantly lower Mg compared to dry (P < .001) and raw (P = .007) foods. Declared minimum P and Ca were significantly lower than analyzed concentrations (P = .0005 and P = .003, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
CONCLUSIONS
The high number of foods with high P and low Ca suggest that pet food regulatory reform should be considered.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31883277
doi: 10.1111/jvim.15689
pmc: PMC6979088
doi:
Substances chimiques
Calcium, Dietary
0
Phosphorus, Dietary
0
Phosphorus
27YLU75U4W
Magnesium
I38ZP9992A
Calcium
SY7Q814VUP
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
266-273Subventions
Organisme : Winn Feline Foundation
Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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