The effect of discharge destination and primary insurance provider on hospital discharge delays among patients with traumatic brain injury: a multicenter study of 1,543 patients.

Insurance Patient discharge Traumatic brain injury

Journal

Patient safety in surgery
ISSN: 1754-9493
Titre abrégé: Patient Saf Surg
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101319176

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2020
Historique:
received: 15 11 2019
accepted: 30 12 2019
entrez: 9 1 2020
pubmed: 9 1 2020
medline: 9 1 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Hospital length of stay (HLOS) is a commonly used measure of hospital quality and is influenced by clinical and non-clinical factors. To reduce HLOS, it is key to identify factors placing patients at increased risk of lengthy HLOS and discharge delays. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients age ≥ 18 admitted to four level 1 trauma centers between 1/1/2015 and 3/31/2018 with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The primary outcome was discharge delay, defined as discharge ≥24 h after case management notes indicated the patient was ready for discharge. The independent variables of interest were primary insurance provider and discharge destination. Chi-square, Fisher exact, and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between discharge delay and the two primary independent variables, as well as other patient demographic and clinical characteristics. Complications developing during the delay period were also examined. A total of 1543 patients with TBI were included. The median age was 61 years, and the median HLOS was 5 days. Approximately half of patients were discharged home (54%). The most common insurance providers were Medicare (35%) and commercial/private (35%). Two-hundred ten (14%) patients experienced a discharge delay. The median delay period was 3 days, and the most common reasons for delay were insurance authorization (52%) and lack of accepting bed (41%). Compared to being discharged home, patients discharged to a skilled nursing facility (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 10.35) or intermediate care facility (AOR = 10.64) had the highest odds of discharge delay. Compared to Medicare patients, uninsured/self-pay patients (AOR = 2.98) and those with Medicaid (AOR = 2.83) or commercial/private insurance (AOR = 2.22) had higher odds of delay. Thirty-two patients (15% of those delayed) experienced at least one complication during the delay, some of which were clinically severe. A substantial portion of TBI patients in this study experienced discharge delays, and discharge destination and primary insurance provider were significant drivers of these delays. Evaluation of a facility's quality of care should consider the specific causes of these delays.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Hospital length of stay (HLOS) is a commonly used measure of hospital quality and is influenced by clinical and non-clinical factors. To reduce HLOS, it is key to identify factors placing patients at increased risk of lengthy HLOS and discharge delays.
METHODS METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients age ≥ 18 admitted to four level 1 trauma centers between 1/1/2015 and 3/31/2018 with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The primary outcome was discharge delay, defined as discharge ≥24 h after case management notes indicated the patient was ready for discharge. The independent variables of interest were primary insurance provider and discharge destination. Chi-square, Fisher exact, and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between discharge delay and the two primary independent variables, as well as other patient demographic and clinical characteristics. Complications developing during the delay period were also examined.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 1543 patients with TBI were included. The median age was 61 years, and the median HLOS was 5 days. Approximately half of patients were discharged home (54%). The most common insurance providers were Medicare (35%) and commercial/private (35%). Two-hundred ten (14%) patients experienced a discharge delay. The median delay period was 3 days, and the most common reasons for delay were insurance authorization (52%) and lack of accepting bed (41%). Compared to being discharged home, patients discharged to a skilled nursing facility (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 10.35) or intermediate care facility (AOR = 10.64) had the highest odds of discharge delay. Compared to Medicare patients, uninsured/self-pay patients (AOR = 2.98) and those with Medicaid (AOR = 2.83) or commercial/private insurance (AOR = 2.22) had higher odds of delay. Thirty-two patients (15% of those delayed) experienced at least one complication during the delay, some of which were clinically severe.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
A substantial portion of TBI patients in this study experienced discharge delays, and discharge destination and primary insurance provider were significant drivers of these delays. Evaluation of a facility's quality of care should consider the specific causes of these delays.

Identifiants

pubmed: 31911820
doi: 10.1186/s13037-019-0227-z
pii: 227
pmc: PMC6945617
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

2

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s). 2020.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Auteurs

Melissa Sorensen (M)

1Trauma Services Department, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO USA.

Erica Sercy (E)

2Trauma Research Department, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO USA.
Trauma Research Department, Medical City Plano, Plano, TX USA.
4Trauma Research Department, Research Medical Center, Kansas City, MO USA.
5Trauma Research Department, Penrose Hospital, Colorado Springs, CO USA.

Kristin Salottolo (K)

2Trauma Research Department, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO USA.
Trauma Research Department, Medical City Plano, Plano, TX USA.
4Trauma Research Department, Research Medical Center, Kansas City, MO USA.
5Trauma Research Department, Penrose Hospital, Colorado Springs, CO USA.

Michael Waxman (M)

6Medical/Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Research Medical Center, Kansas City, MO USA.

Thomas A West (TA)

Trauma Services Department, Medical City Plano, Plano, TX USA.

Allen Tanner (A)

8Trauma Services Department, Penrose Hospital, Colorado Springs, CO USA.

David Bar-Or (D)

2Trauma Research Department, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO USA.
Trauma Research Department, Medical City Plano, Plano, TX USA.
4Trauma Research Department, Research Medical Center, Kansas City, MO USA.
5Trauma Research Department, Penrose Hospital, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
Injury Outcomes Network Research Group, 501 E Hampden Ave, Englewood, CO 80113 USA.

Classifications MeSH