Epigenetic Regulation of Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 in Neurological Disorders.
CRISPR/Cas9
DNA methyltransferase
excitatory amino acid transporter 2
glutamate
histone deacetylase
microRNA
Journal
Frontiers in pharmacology
ISSN: 1663-9812
Titre abrégé: Front Pharmacol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101548923
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2019
2019
Historique:
received:
04
07
2019
accepted:
21
11
2019
entrez:
11
1
2020
pubmed:
11
1
2020
medline:
11
1
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) is the predominant astrocyte glutamate transporter involved in the reuptake of the majority of the synaptic glutamate in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Gene expression can be altered without changing DNA sequences through epigenetic mechanisms. Mechanisms of epigenetic regulation, include DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histones, chromatin remodeling, and small non-coding RNAs. This review is focused on neurological disorders, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD), bipolar disorder (BD), and neuroHIV where there is evidence that epigenetics plays a role in the reduction of EAAT2 expression. The emerging field of pharmaco-epigenetics provides a novel avenue for epigenetics-based drug therapy. This review highlights findings on the role of epigenetics in the regulation of EAAT2 in different neurological disorders and discusses the current pharmacological approaches used and the potential use of novel therapeutic approaches to induce EAAT2 expression in neurological disorders using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31920679
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01510
pmc: PMC6927272
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1510Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : P01 DA037830
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA033213
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Alam and Datta.
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