Antibiotics in early life associate with specific gut microbiota signatures in a prospective longitudinal infant cohort.
Amoxicillin
/ therapeutic use
Anti-Bacterial Agents
/ therapeutic use
Bifidobacterium
/ drug effects
Clostridium
/ drug effects
Enterobacteriaceae
/ drug effects
Feces
Female
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gene Library
Hospitalization
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Inflammation
Longitudinal Studies
Macrolides
/ therapeutic use
Male
Prospective Studies
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
/ microbiology
Journal
Pediatric research
ISSN: 1530-0447
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0100714
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2020
09 2020
Historique:
received:
26
04
2019
accepted:
08
01
2020
revised:
03
12
2019
pubmed:
19
1
2020
medline:
24
8
2021
entrez:
19
1
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The effects of antibiotics on infant gut microbiota are unclear. We hypothesized that the use of common antibiotics results in long-term aberration in gut microbiota. Antibiotic-naive infants were prospectively recruited when hospitalized because of a respiratory syncytial virus infection. Composition of fecal microbiota was compared between those receiving antibiotics during follow-up (prescribed at clinicians' discretion because of complications such as otitis media) and those with no antibiotic exposure. Fecal sampling started on day 1, then continued at 2-day intervals during the hospital stay, and at 1, 3 and 6 months at home. One hundred and sixty-three fecal samples from 40 patients (median age 2.3 months at baseline; 22 exposed to antibiotics) were available for microbiota analyses. A single course of amoxicillin or macrolide resulted in aberration of infant microbiota characterized by variation in the abundance of bifidobacteria, enterobacteria and clostridia, lasting for several months. Recovery from the antibiotics was associated with an increase in clostridia. Occasionally, antibiotic use resulted in microbiota profiles associated with inflammatory conditions. Antibiotic use in infants modifies especially bifidobacterial levels. Further studies are warranted whether administration of bifidobacteria will provide health benefits by normalizing the microbiota in infants receiving antibiotics.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The effects of antibiotics on infant gut microbiota are unclear. We hypothesized that the use of common antibiotics results in long-term aberration in gut microbiota.
METHODS
Antibiotic-naive infants were prospectively recruited when hospitalized because of a respiratory syncytial virus infection. Composition of fecal microbiota was compared between those receiving antibiotics during follow-up (prescribed at clinicians' discretion because of complications such as otitis media) and those with no antibiotic exposure. Fecal sampling started on day 1, then continued at 2-day intervals during the hospital stay, and at 1, 3 and 6 months at home.
RESULTS
One hundred and sixty-three fecal samples from 40 patients (median age 2.3 months at baseline; 22 exposed to antibiotics) were available for microbiota analyses. A single course of amoxicillin or macrolide resulted in aberration of infant microbiota characterized by variation in the abundance of bifidobacteria, enterobacteria and clostridia, lasting for several months. Recovery from the antibiotics was associated with an increase in clostridia. Occasionally, antibiotic use resulted in microbiota profiles associated with inflammatory conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
Antibiotic use in infants modifies especially bifidobacterial levels. Further studies are warranted whether administration of bifidobacteria will provide health benefits by normalizing the microbiota in infants receiving antibiotics.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31954376
doi: 10.1038/s41390-020-0761-5
pii: 10.1038/s41390-020-0761-5
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
Macrolides
0
Amoxicillin
804826J2HU
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
438-443Références
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