Associations Between Declining Physical and Cognitive Functions in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.
Common cause hypothesis
Grip strength
Longitudinal study
Processing speed
Journal
The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
ISSN: 1758-535X
Titre abrégé: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9502837
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
18 06 2020
18 06 2020
Historique:
received:
29
09
2019
pubmed:
21
1
2020
medline:
11
2
2021
entrez:
21
1
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The ageing process is characterized by declines in physical and cognitive function. However, the relationship between these trajectories remains a topic of investigation. Using four data waves collected triennially between ages 70 and 79, we tested for associations between multiple cognitive ability domains (verbal memory, processing speed, and visuospatial ability) and physical functions (walking speed, grip strength, and lung function). We first tested for associations between linear declines in physical and cognitive functions over the entire 9-year study period, and then, for lead-lag coupling effects between 3-year changes in cognitive and physical functions. Steeper linear decline in walking speed was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in each cognitive domain. Steeper linear decline in grip strength was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in verbal memory and processing speed. Lead-lag coupling models showed that decline in verbal memory was preceded by declines in walking speed and grip strength. By contrast, decline in grip strength was preceded by declines in processing speed and visuospatial ability, and decline in walking speed was preceded by decline in visuospatial ability. Following additional adjustment for covariates, only coupling effects from earlier decline in processing speed to later decline in grip strength remained significant (β = 0.545, p = .006). Our findings provide further evidence of an association between cognitive and physical declines and point to the potential order in which these changes occur. Decline in processing speed in particular may serve as a unique early marker of declining upper body strength.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The ageing process is characterized by declines in physical and cognitive function. However, the relationship between these trajectories remains a topic of investigation.
METHODS
Using four data waves collected triennially between ages 70 and 79, we tested for associations between multiple cognitive ability domains (verbal memory, processing speed, and visuospatial ability) and physical functions (walking speed, grip strength, and lung function). We first tested for associations between linear declines in physical and cognitive functions over the entire 9-year study period, and then, for lead-lag coupling effects between 3-year changes in cognitive and physical functions.
RESULTS
Steeper linear decline in walking speed was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in each cognitive domain. Steeper linear decline in grip strength was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in verbal memory and processing speed. Lead-lag coupling models showed that decline in verbal memory was preceded by declines in walking speed and grip strength. By contrast, decline in grip strength was preceded by declines in processing speed and visuospatial ability, and decline in walking speed was preceded by decline in visuospatial ability. Following additional adjustment for covariates, only coupling effects from earlier decline in processing speed to later decline in grip strength remained significant (β = 0.545, p = .006).
CONCLUSION
Our findings provide further evidence of an association between cognitive and physical declines and point to the potential order in which these changes occur. Decline in processing speed in particular may serve as a unique early marker of declining upper body strength.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31957799
pii: 5709771
doi: 10.1093/gerona/glaa023
pmc: PMC7447860
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1393-1402Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/R024065/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : G0700704
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AG054628
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/K026992/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America.
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