The Utility of Operant Conditioning to Address Poverty and Drug Addiction.
Drug addiction
Employment
Incentives
Operant conditioning
Poverty
Therapeutic workplace
Journal
Perspectives on behavior science
ISSN: 2520-8977
Titre abrégé: Perspect Behav Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101743058
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2019
Sep 2019
Historique:
entrez:
25
1
2020
pubmed:
25
1
2020
medline:
25
1
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Poverty is associated with poor health. This article reviews research on proximal and distal operant interventions to address drug addiction and poverty. Proximal interventions promote health behaviors directly. Abstinence reinforcement, a common proximal intervention for the treatment of drug addiction, can be effective. Manipulating familiar parameters of operant conditioning can improve the effectiveness of abstinence reinforcement. Increasing reinforcement magnitude can increase the proportion of individuals that respond to abstinence reinforcement, arranging long-term exposure to abstinence reinforcement can prevent relapse, and arranging abstinence reinforcement sequentially across drugs can promote abstinence from multiple drugs. Distal interventions reduce risk factors that underlie poor health and may have an indirect beneficial effect on health. In the case of poverty, distal interventions seek to move people out of poverty. The therapeutic workplace includes both proximal and distal interventions to treat drug addiction and poverty. In the therapeutic workplace, participants earn stipends or wages to work. The therapeutic workplace uses employment-based reinforcement in which participants are required to provide drug-free urine samples or take scheduled doses of addiction medications to work and/or maintain maximum pay. The therapeutic workplace has two phases, a training and an employment phase. Special contingencies appear required to promote skill development during the training phase, employment-based reinforcement can promote abstinence from heroin and cocaine and adherence to naltrexone, and the therapeutic workplace can increase employment. Behavior analysts are well-suited to address both poverty and drug addiction using operant interventions like the therapeutic workplace.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31976448
doi: 10.1007/s40614-019-00203-4
pii: 203
pmc: PMC6768936
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
525-546Informations de copyright
© Association for Behavior Analysis International 2019.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the material in this manuscript.
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