Smallpox in the Post-Eradication Era.
antiviral
eradication
smallpox
vaccination
variola virus
Journal
Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
Titre abrégé: Viruses
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101509722
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
24 Jan 2020
24 Jan 2020
Historique:
received:
02
01
2020
revised:
20
01
2020
accepted:
22
01
2020
entrez:
30
1
2020
pubmed:
30
1
2020
medline:
20
3
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Widespread vaccination programmes led to the global eradication of smallpox, which was certified by the World Health Organisation (WHO), and, since 1978, there has been no case of smallpox anywhere in the world. However, the viable variola virus (VARV), the causative agent of smallpox, is still kept in two maximum security laboratories in Russia and the USA. Despite the eradication of the disease smallpox, clandestine stocks of VARV may exist. In a rapidly changing world, the impact of an intentional VARV release in the human population would nowadays result in a public health emergency of global concern: vaccination programmes were abolished, the percentage of immunosuppressed individuals in the human population is higher, and an increased intercontinental air travel allows for the rapid viral spread of diseases around the world. The WHO has authorised the temporary retention of VARV to enable essential research for public health benefit to take place. This work aims to develop diagnostic tests, antiviral drugs, and safer vaccines. Advances in synthetic biology have made it possible to produce infectious poxvirus particles from chemicals in vitro so that it is now possible to reconstruct VARV. The status of smallpox in the post-eradication era is reviewed.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31991671
pii: v12020138
doi: 10.3390/v12020138
pmc: PMC7077202
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antiviral Agents
0
Smallpox Vaccine
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest
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