Acute tea tree oil intoxication in a pet cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus): a case report.


Journal

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
Titre abrégé: BMC Vet Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101249759

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
31 Jan 2020
Historique:
received: 18 07 2019
accepted: 22 01 2020
entrez: 2 2 2020
pubmed: 2 2 2020
medline: 4 9 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Phytotherapy is becoming a more and more common practice, not only for personal care but also for pet care. Nevertheless, we often have to deal with substances on which, in most cases, very little literature is available, even more so if the species of interest are the exotic ones. In particular, the essential oil from the Melaleuca leaves, because of its antinflammatory and antibacterial properties, is widely used and very little is known about its potential toxicity on pet birds. The present paper describes the first case of Tea tree oil intoxication in a pet bird. A one-year-old, 80 g male cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was presented for clinical examination due to a serious despondency episode after the application of 3 drops of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifoglia) directly on the cutis of its right wing. The subject was urgently hospitalized and blood tests were performed.Serum biochemical values showed severe liver damage and slight renal involvement, complete blood count (CBC) parameters indicated a moderate neutrophilia a moderate neutropenia. Warm subcutaneous fluids and vitamin (VIT) B12 were administered, and after 8 h of fluid therapy the clinical condition of the patient improved. The subject was discharged after 48 h of hospitalization, in stable conditions. Toxicosis are relatively common in bird pets and a number of cases are reported in literature, concerning heavy metals intoxications and toxic plants ingestion. However, in literature there are no described cases regarding Melaleuca oil intoxication in pet birds, but it has been reported in humans (mainly by ingestion) as well as in dogs, cats and rats. We hope that this first case report can be an initial aid in the knowledge of this potential toxicosis and therefore in the clinical veterinary practice of pet birds.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Phytotherapy is becoming a more and more common practice, not only for personal care but also for pet care. Nevertheless, we often have to deal with substances on which, in most cases, very little literature is available, even more so if the species of interest are the exotic ones. In particular, the essential oil from the Melaleuca leaves, because of its antinflammatory and antibacterial properties, is widely used and very little is known about its potential toxicity on pet birds. The present paper describes the first case of Tea tree oil intoxication in a pet bird.
CASE PRESENTATION METHODS
A one-year-old, 80 g male cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was presented for clinical examination due to a serious despondency episode after the application of 3 drops of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifoglia) directly on the cutis of its right wing. The subject was urgently hospitalized and blood tests were performed.Serum biochemical values showed severe liver damage and slight renal involvement, complete blood count (CBC) parameters indicated a moderate neutrophilia a moderate neutropenia. Warm subcutaneous fluids and vitamin (VIT) B12 were administered, and after 8 h of fluid therapy the clinical condition of the patient improved. The subject was discharged after 48 h of hospitalization, in stable conditions.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Toxicosis are relatively common in bird pets and a number of cases are reported in literature, concerning heavy metals intoxications and toxic plants ingestion. However, in literature there are no described cases regarding Melaleuca oil intoxication in pet birds, but it has been reported in humans (mainly by ingestion) as well as in dogs, cats and rats. We hope that this first case report can be an initial aid in the knowledge of this potential toxicosis and therefore in the clinical veterinary practice of pet birds.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32005244
doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-2255-4
pii: 10.1186/s12917-020-2255-4
pmc: PMC6995176
doi:

Substances chimiques

Tea Tree Oil 68647-73-4

Types de publication

Case Reports Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

29

Références

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Jun;49(6):2474-8
pubmed: 15917549
J Vet Diagn Invest. 1998 Apr;10(2):208-10
pubmed: 9576358
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2007 Sep-Oct;55(5):315-27
pubmed: 18219762
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2017 May;58(3):273-283
pubmed: 28133916
Parasitol Int. 2010 Jun;59(2):278-82
pubmed: 20178862
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1984 Oct;26(5):381-3
pubmed: 6541397
J Chem Ecol. 1994 Jun;20(6):1223-80
pubmed: 24242340
Int J Pharm. 2004 Jan 28;269(2):373-83
pubmed: 14706249
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Apr;49(4):1652-5
pubmed: 15793164
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 Jul;54(1):46-55
pubmed: 15201226
Am J Med. 2002 Dec 30;113 Suppl 9B:71S-88S
pubmed: 12566142
Avian Pathol. 2006 Feb;35(1):38-41
pubmed: 16448941
J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1995;33(2):193-4
pubmed: 7897762
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Jan;19(1):50-62
pubmed: 16418522
Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2003 Sep;6(3):601-28
pubmed: 14534975
Food Chem Toxicol. 2006 May;44(5):616-25
pubmed: 16243420
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Jan 1;194(1):64-6
pubmed: 2914792
Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2002 Aug 19;12(16):2167-9
pubmed: 12127529
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1994 Apr;36(2):139-42
pubmed: 8197716

Auteurs

Alessandro Vetere (A)

Clinica Veterinaria Modena Sud, Modena (MO), Italy.

Mara Bertocchi (M)

Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy. mara.bertocchi@unipr.it.

Igor Pelizzone (I)

Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy.

Emanuele Moggia (E)

Ambulatorio Veterinario Levante, Chiavari (GE), Italy.

Chiara Travaglino (C)

Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy.

Mariangela Della Grotta (M)

Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy.

Silvia Casali (S)

Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy.

Sebastiano Gerosa (S)

Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy.

Laura Strada (L)

Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy.

Katia Filia (K)

Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy.

Jacopo Casalini (J)

Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano (MI), Italy.
Clinica Veterinaria Dott. Mario Crippa, Barzago (LC), Italy.

Enrico Parmigiani (E)

Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy.

Francesco Di Ianni (F)

Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma (PR), Italy.

Articles similaires

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male
Humans Meals Time Factors Female Adult

Classifications MeSH