Pituitary Apoplexy Case Series: Outcomes After Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery at a Single Tertiary Center.
Apoplexy
Endoscopic
Outcomes
Pituitary
Transsphenoidal
Journal
World neurosurgery
ISSN: 1878-8769
Titre abrégé: World Neurosurg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101528275
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2020
05 2020
Historique:
received:
06
12
2019
revised:
25
01
2020
accepted:
27
01
2020
pubmed:
8
2
2020
medline:
14
8
2020
entrez:
8
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The management of pituitary apoplexy, caused by acute hemorrhage and/or infarction of a pituitary adenoma, is debated. To analyze clinical characteristics of patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) for pituitary apoplexy. A retrospective review of patients at our institution from 2012 to 2018 undergoing EEA for pituitary apoplexy diagnosed clinically and with imaging/pathologic findings. Analysis included demographics, symptoms, neuroendocrine deficits, neuroimaging, complications, symptom resolution, and follow-up details. Fifty patients (mean age, 53 years) were included. Preoperative symptoms included headache (86%), vision loss (62%), and cranial nerve paresis (40%). Mean tumor diameter was 2.7 cm and extrasellar extension was observed in 96% of tumors. Twenty-eight tumors were hemorrhagic (76%), 24 were necrotic (65%), and 13 (35%) had both features. Magnetic resonance imaging showed gross total resection in 58% of patients. Headache and vision loss improved in 87% and 86% of presenting patients. Cranial nerve paresis resolved in 72% of patients, partially improved in 11%, and remained unchanged in 17%. There were no deaths or carotid artery injuries. Surgical complications included postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 4, 8%), epistaxis (n = 2, 4%), postoperative abscess (n = 1, 2%), and transient postoperative vision loss requiring reoperation (n = 1, 4%). Endocrinopathies improved in 21% of patients and panhypopituitarism persisted in 48% and developed in 6% of patients. Mean follow-up time was 26 months; 2 patients experienced recurrence. EEA for pituitary apoplexy is effective in rapidly improving headache and visual symptoms. Although neuro-ophthalmic deficits often improve over time, panhypopituitarism persists in most patients after surgical resection.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The management of pituitary apoplexy, caused by acute hemorrhage and/or infarction of a pituitary adenoma, is debated.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze clinical characteristics of patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) for pituitary apoplexy.
METHODS
A retrospective review of patients at our institution from 2012 to 2018 undergoing EEA for pituitary apoplexy diagnosed clinically and with imaging/pathologic findings. Analysis included demographics, symptoms, neuroendocrine deficits, neuroimaging, complications, symptom resolution, and follow-up details.
RESULTS
Fifty patients (mean age, 53 years) were included. Preoperative symptoms included headache (86%), vision loss (62%), and cranial nerve paresis (40%). Mean tumor diameter was 2.7 cm and extrasellar extension was observed in 96% of tumors. Twenty-eight tumors were hemorrhagic (76%), 24 were necrotic (65%), and 13 (35%) had both features. Magnetic resonance imaging showed gross total resection in 58% of patients. Headache and vision loss improved in 87% and 86% of presenting patients. Cranial nerve paresis resolved in 72% of patients, partially improved in 11%, and remained unchanged in 17%. There were no deaths or carotid artery injuries. Surgical complications included postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 4, 8%), epistaxis (n = 2, 4%), postoperative abscess (n = 1, 2%), and transient postoperative vision loss requiring reoperation (n = 1, 4%). Endocrinopathies improved in 21% of patients and panhypopituitarism persisted in 48% and developed in 6% of patients. Mean follow-up time was 26 months; 2 patients experienced recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS
EEA for pituitary apoplexy is effective in rapidly improving headache and visual symptoms. Although neuro-ophthalmic deficits often improve over time, panhypopituitarism persists in most patients after surgical resection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32032792
pii: S1878-8750(20)30222-9
doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.01.204
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e366-e372Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc.