Formulation of Metal-Organic Framework Inks for the 3D Printing of Robust Microporous Solids toward High-Pressure Gas Storage and Separation.

The shaping of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has become increasingly studied over the past few years, because it represents a major bottleneck toward their further applications at a larger scale. MOF-based macroscale solids should present performances similar to those of their powder counterparts, along with adequate mechanical resistance. Three-dimensional printing is a promising technology as it allows the fast prototyping of materials at the macroscale level; however, the large amounts of added binders have a detrimental effect on the porous properties of the solids. Herein, a 3D printer was modified to prepare a variety of MOF-based solids with controlled morphologies from shear-thinning inks containing 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Four benchmark MOFs were tested for this purpose: HKUST-1, CPL-1, ZIF-8, and UiO-66-NH