Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Peptides: Potential Outcomes on the Regulation of Glucose Control.
animal models
gastrointestinal peptides
glucose control
gut microbiota
inflammation
interventions
microbiote intestinal
modèles animaux
peptides gastro-intestinaux
régulation de la glycémie
Journal
Canadian journal of diabetes
ISSN: 2352-3840
Titre abrégé: Can J Diabetes
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 101148810
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2020
Jun 2020
Historique:
received:
10
08
2019
revised:
11
10
2019
accepted:
16
10
2019
pubmed:
15
2
2020
medline:
23
11
2021
entrez:
15
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
A host of gastrointestinal (GI) peptides influence the regulation of vital functions, such as growth, appetite, stress, gut motility, energy expenditure, digestion and inflammation, as well as glucose and lipid homeostasis. Hence, impairments in the synthesis/secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leptin, nesfatin-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), ghrelin (acylated and unacylated forms), oxyntomodulin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, peptide tyrosine‒tyrosine, GLP-2 and pancreatic polypeptide were previously associated with the development of obesity-related disorders. It is currently emphasized that the beneficial metabolic outcomes associated with the normalization of the gut microbiota (GM) is influenced by increases in GLP-1 and peptide YY secretion as well as by decreases in acylated ghrelin production. These effects are associated with reductions in body weight and adiposity in combination with the normalization of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, important questions remain unanswered regarding how GLP-1, peptide tyrosine‒tyrosine, acylated ghrelin and other metabolically relevant GI peptides interact with the GM to modulate the host's metabolic functions. In addition, it is likely that the GM and other biologically active GI peptides influence metabolic functions, such as glucose control, although the mechanisms remain ill-defined. In this review, we investigate how GM and GI peptides influence glucose metabolism in experimental models, such as germ-free animals and dietary interventions. Emphasis is placed on pathways through which GM and GI peptides could modulate intestinal permeability, nutrient absorption, short-chain fatty acid production, metabolic endotoxemia, oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32057671
pii: S1499-2671(19)30681-1
doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2019.10.006
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Blood Glucose
0
Gastrointestinal Hormones
0
Peptide Hormones
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
359-367Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Canadian Diabetes Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.