Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health.
Amino acids
Creatine
Function
Health
Metabolites
Peptides
Journal
Amino acids
ISSN: 1438-2199
Titre abrégé: Amino Acids
Pays: Austria
ID NLM: 9200312
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Mar 2020
Mar 2020
Historique:
received:
25
10
2019
accepted:
29
01
2020
pubmed:
20
2
2020
medline:
17
9
2020
entrez:
20
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Taurine (a sulfur-containing β-amino acid), creatine (a metabolite of arginine, glycine and methionine), carnosine (a dipeptide; β-alanyl-L-histidine), and 4-hydroxyproline (an imino acid; also often referred to as an amino acid) were discovered in cattle, and the discovery of anserine (a methylated product of carnosine; β-alanyl-1-methyl-L-histidine) also originated with cattle. These five nutrients are highly abundant in beef, and have important physiological roles in anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory reactions, as well as neurological, muscular, retinal, immunological and cardiovascular function. Of particular note, taurine, carnosine, anserine, and creatine are absent from plants, and hydroxyproline is negligible in many plant-source foods. Consumption of 30 g dry beef can fully meet daily physiological needs of the healthy 70-kg adult human for taurine and carnosine, and can also provide large amounts of creatine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline to improve human nutrition and health, including metabolic, retinal, immunological, muscular, cartilage, neurological, and cardiovascular health. The present review provides the public with the much-needed knowledge of nutritionally and physiologically significant amino acids, dipeptides and creatine in animal-source foods (including beef). Dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline are beneficial for preventing and treating obesity, cardiovascular dysfunction, and ageing-related disorders, as well as inhibiting tumorigenesis, improving skin and bone health, ameliorating neurological abnormalities, and promoting well being in infants, children and adults. Furthermore, these nutrients may promote the immunological defense of humans against infections by bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses (including coronavirus) through enhancing the metabolism and functions of monocytes, macrophages, and other cells of the immune system. Red meat (including beef) is a functional food for optimizing human growth, development and health.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32072297
doi: 10.1007/s00726-020-02823-6
pii: 10.1007/s00726-020-02823-6
pmc: PMC7088015
doi:
Substances chimiques
Taurine
1EQV5MLY3D
Carnosine
8HO6PVN24W
Anserine
HDQ4N37UGV
Creatine
MU72812GK0
Hydroxyproline
RMB44WO89X
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
329-360Références
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