Correlation between biomarkers of exposure, effect and potential harm in the urine of electronic cigarette users.
biomarkers
cigarettes
electronic cigarettes
metals
non-smokers
Journal
BMJ open respiratory research
ISSN: 2052-4439
Titre abrégé: BMJ Open Respir Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101638061
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2020
02 2020
Historique:
received:
31
05
2019
revised:
04
12
2019
accepted:
30
12
2019
entrez:
22
2
2020
pubmed:
23
2
2020
medline:
24
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To determine if urinary biomarkers of effect and potential harm are elevated in electronic cigarette users compared with non-smokers and if elevation correlates with increased concentrations of metals in urine. This was a cross-sectional study of biomarkers of exposure, effect and potential harm in urine from non-smokers (n=20), electronic cigarette users (n=20) and cigarette smokers (n=13). Participant's screening and urine collection were performed at the Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, and biomarker analysis and metal analysis were performed at the University of California, Riverside. Metallothionein was significantly elevated in the electronic cigarette group (3761±3932 pg/mg) compared with the non-smokers (1129±1294 pg/mg, p=0.05). 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine) was significantly elevated in electronic cigarette users (442.8±300.7 ng/mg) versus non-smokers (221.6±157.8 ng/mg, p=0.01). 8-Isoprostane showed a significant increase in electronic cigarette users (750.8±433 pg/mg) versus non-smokers (411.2±287.4 pg/mg, p=0.03). Linear regression analysis in the electronic cigarette group showed a significant correlation between cotinine and total metal concentration; total metal concentration and metallothionein; cotinine and oxidative DNA damage; and total metal concentration and oxidative DNA damage. Zinc was significantly elevated in the electronic cigarette users (584.5±826.6 µg/g) compared with non-smokers (413.6±233.7 µg/g, p=0.03). Linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation between urinary zinc concentration and 8-OHdG in the electronic cigarette users. This study is the first to investigate biomarkers of potential harm and effect in electronic cigarette users and to show a linkage to metal exposure. The biomarker levels in electronic cigarette users were similar to (and not lower than) cigarette smokers. In electronic cigarette users, there was a link to elevated total metal exposure and oxidative DNA damage. Specifically, our results demonstrate that zinc concentration was correlated to oxidative DNA damage.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32079607
pii: 7/1/e000452
doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2019-000452
pmc: PMC7047495
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Metals
0
Cotinine
K5161X06LL
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA016056
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA036493
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIEHS NIH HHS
ID : T32 ES018827
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Competing interests: None declared.
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