Socio-demographic and ecological factors associated with anti-HCV prevalence in people who inject drugs: A systematic review.
Ecological factors
Global
HIV
Hepatitis C virus
People who inject drugs
Journal
Drug and alcohol dependence
ISSN: 1879-0046
Titre abrégé: Drug Alcohol Depend
Pays: Ireland
ID NLM: 7513587
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 04 2020
01 04 2020
Historique:
received:
08
01
2020
revised:
29
01
2020
accepted:
01
02
2020
pubmed:
23
2
2020
medline:
14
1
2021
entrez:
23
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The World Health Organization (WHO) aim to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health threat by 2030. People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key risk group for HCV transmission globally. We explored socio-demographic and ecological variables associated with HCV antibody (anti-HCV) prevalence among samples of PWID. We systematically searched for and screened journal articles and online reports published between January 2011 and June 2017. Serologically confirmed anti-HCV prevalence among PWID and other study-level socio-demographic variables were extracted. Country-level ecological indicators were sourced from online databases. We used generalized linear models to investigate associations between anti-HCV prevalence estimates and other study-level and country-level variables. There were 223 studies from 84 countries contributing 569 estimates of anti-HCV prevalence among PWID. Among study-level indicators, higher levels of anti-HCV prevalence were associated with higher HIV prevalence (B = 0.20; 95 % Confidence Interval [95 %CI] = 0.12, 0.29, p < 0.001) and year of data collection (B=-0.08; 95 %CI=-0.15, -0.02; p = 0.011). At a national level, higher Human Development Index scores (B=4.37; 95 %CI=0.12, 8.63, p = 0.044) were associated with higher levels of anti-HCV in samples. Serological surveillance data are increasingly available globally; however, there are still geographical gaps in quantification of HCV prevalence among PWID that must be addressed to inform efforts to achieve HCV elimination. Anti-HCV prevalence was lower in samples of PWID from countries with lower Human Development Index scores, which points to an opportunity to provide targeted intervention and potentially control transmission rates of infection in countries characterized by poor population health, education, and income.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The World Health Organization (WHO) aim to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health threat by 2030. People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key risk group for HCV transmission globally. We explored socio-demographic and ecological variables associated with HCV antibody (anti-HCV) prevalence among samples of PWID.
METHODS
We systematically searched for and screened journal articles and online reports published between January 2011 and June 2017. Serologically confirmed anti-HCV prevalence among PWID and other study-level socio-demographic variables were extracted. Country-level ecological indicators were sourced from online databases. We used generalized linear models to investigate associations between anti-HCV prevalence estimates and other study-level and country-level variables.
RESULTS
There were 223 studies from 84 countries contributing 569 estimates of anti-HCV prevalence among PWID. Among study-level indicators, higher levels of anti-HCV prevalence were associated with higher HIV prevalence (B = 0.20; 95 % Confidence Interval [95 %CI] = 0.12, 0.29, p < 0.001) and year of data collection (B=-0.08; 95 %CI=-0.15, -0.02; p = 0.011). At a national level, higher Human Development Index scores (B=4.37; 95 %CI=0.12, 8.63, p = 0.044) were associated with higher levels of anti-HCV in samples.
IMPLICATIONS
Serological surveillance data are increasingly available globally; however, there are still geographical gaps in quantification of HCV prevalence among PWID that must be addressed to inform efforts to achieve HCV elimination. Anti-HCV prevalence was lower in samples of PWID from countries with lower Human Development Index scores, which points to an opportunity to provide targeted intervention and potentially control transmission rates of infection in countries characterized by poor population health, education, and income.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32086179
pii: S0376-8716(20)30064-8
doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107899
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Hepatitis C Antibodies
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
107899Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/N00616X/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : RP-DG-0610-10055
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : RP-PG-0616-20008
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA037773
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest SL has received investigator-initiated untied educational grants from Indivior. LD has received investigator-initiated untied educational grants for studies of opioid medications in Australia from Reckitt Benckiser, Indivior, Mundipharma and Seqirus. AP has received investigator-initiated untied educational grants from Mundipharma and Seqirus. JG is a consultant/advisor and has received research grants from Abbvie, Cepheid, Gilead Sciences and Merck/MSD. MH reports honoraria for speaking at meetings from Gilead, Abbve, and MSD. JS reports non-financial support from Gilead Sciences, outside the submitted work. PV reports honoraria for speaking at meetings from Gilead, Abbve, and unrestricted research funding from Gilead.