Peak neutralizing and cross-neutralizing antibody levels to human papillomavirus types 6/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 induced by bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines.

We performed an independent comparison of neutralizing and cross-neutralizing antibody (ab) levels seven months after initiation of three-dose, six-month vaccination schedules with the bivalent and quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in adolescent Finnish and Indian females, respectively. We used a semi-automated Pseudovirion-Based Neutralization Assay and observed significantly higher HPV16/18 peak ab-levels in bivalent as compared to quadrivalent vaccine recipients. Bivalent vaccine induced cross-neutralizing HPV31/33/45/52/58 antibodies significantly more frequently and to higher levels than the quadrivalent vaccine. The correlation of bivalent vaccine-induced HPV45 ab-levels with HPV16/18 ab-levels was stronger than that of corresponding quadrivalent vaccine-induced ab-levels, suggesting a qualitatively different cross-reactive response. Our findings on the comparison of the immunogenicity of two HPV vaccine tested in two different populations indicate that further head-to-head studies are warranted.

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Competing interestsM.L. has received grants for HPV vaccination studies from Merck Sharp & Dohme and GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals through University of Tampere. M.M., M.P. and P.S. are inventors on a patent application by DKFZ on the high-throughput-pseudovirion-based neutralization assay (HT-PBNA). M.M. is an inventor of patents related to virus-like particle vaccines owned by Loyola University Chicago (Chicago, USA) and licensed to GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. M.M. is an inventor of Trx-L2 vaccines and received personal fees from Merck Sharp & Dohme for analyses of clinical trial sera. N. Bhatla has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline and Merck Sharp & Dohme through All India Institute of Medical Sciences. T.W. serves on advisory boards for MSD Sharpe & Dohme. The other authors declare no competing interests. P.B. and R.S. are staff members of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization.