Effects of Tongue Exercise Frequency on Tongue Muscle Biology and Swallowing Physiology in a Rat Model.
Deglutition
Deglutition disorders
Rat model
Tongue exercise
Journal
Dysphagia
ISSN: 1432-0460
Titre abrégé: Dysphagia
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8610856
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2020
12 2020
Historique:
received:
21
10
2019
accepted:
25
02
2020
pubmed:
5
3
2020
medline:
25
11
2021
entrez:
5
3
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Age-related changes in muscle composition and function are often treated using exercise, including muscles of the tongue to treat swallowing impairments (dysphagia). Although tongue exercise is commonly prescribed, optimal tongue exercise doses have not been determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of varying tongue exercise frequency on tongue force, genioglossus muscle fiber size, composition and metabolism, and swallowing in a rat model. We randomized 41 old and 40 young adult Fischer 344/Brown Norway rats into one of four tongue exercise groups: 5 days/week; 3 days/week; 1 day/week; or sham. Tongue force was higher following all exercise conditions (vs sham); the 5 day/week group had the greatest change in tongue force (p < 0.001). There were no exercise effects on genioglossus (GG) fiber size or MyHC composition (p > 0.05). Significant main effects for age showed a greater proportion of Type I fibers in (p < 0.0001) and increased fiber size of IIa fibers (p = 0.026) in old. There were no significant effects of citrate synthase activity or PGC-1α expression. Significant differences were found in bolus speed and area (size), but findings were potentially influenced by variability. Our findings suggest that tongue force is influenced by exercise frequency; however, these changes were not reflected in characteristics of the GG muscle assayed in this study. Informed by findings of this study, future work in tongue dose optimization will be required to provide better scientific premise for clinical treatments in humans.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32130514
doi: 10.1007/s00455-020-10105-2
pii: 10.1007/s00455-020-10105-2
pmc: PMC7483947
mid: NIHMS1575764
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
918-934Subventions
Organisme : NIDCD NIH HHS
ID : R01 DC014358
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R37 CA225608
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCD NIH HHS
ID : R01 DC008149
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCD NIH HHS
ID : R01 DC018071
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : F31 AG059351
Pays : United States
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