Medical marijuana laws and driving under the influence of marijuana and alcohol.
Driving under the influence
drug policy
legal epidemiology
marijuana
marijuana law
medical cannabis
Journal
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
ISSN: 1360-0443
Titre abrégé: Addiction
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9304118
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2020
10 2020
Historique:
received:
01
07
2019
revised:
14
10
2019
accepted:
03
03
2020
pubmed:
7
3
2020
medline:
20
4
2021
entrez:
7
3
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Medical marijuana law (MML) enactment in the United States has been associated with increased cannabis use but lower traffic fatality rates. We assessed the possible association of MML and individual-level driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) and also under the influence of alcohol (DUIA). Three cross-sectional U.S. adult surveys: The National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES; 1991-1992), the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC; 2001-2002), and the NESARC-III (2012-2013). The total n was 118 497: 41 764, 41 184, and 35 549 from NLAES, NESARC, and NESARC-III, respectively. Across the three surveys, similar questions in the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule assessed DUIC and DUIA. Ever-MML states enacted MML between 1991-1992 and 2012-2013 (overall period). Early-MML states enacted MML between 1991-1992 and 2001-2002 (early period). Late-MML states enacted MML between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013 (late period). MML effects on change in DUIC and DUIA prevalence were estimated using a difference-in-differences specification to compare changes in MML and other states. From 1991-1992 to 2012-2013, DUIC prevalence nearly doubled (from 1.02% to 1.92%), increasing more in states that enacted MML than other states (difference-in-differences [DiD] = 0.59%; 95% CI = 0.06%-1.12%). Most change in DUIC prevalence occurred between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013. DUIC prevalence increased more in states that enacted MML 2001-2002 to 2012-2013 than in never-MML states (DiD = 0.77%; 95% CI = -0.05%-1.59%), and in two early-MML states, California (DiD = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.06-1.59) and Colorado (DiD = 1.32; 95% CI = 0.11-2.53). In contrast, DUIA prevalence appeared unrelated to MML enactment. Medical marijuana law enactment in US states appears to have been associated with increased prevalence of driving under the influence of cannabis, but not alcohol.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32141142
doi: 10.1111/add.15031
pmc: PMC7483706
mid: NIHMS1573784
doi:
Substances chimiques
Medical Marijuana
0
Ethanol
3K9958V90M
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1944-1953Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA048860
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : T32 DA031099
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : T32 MH017119
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2020 Society for the Study of Addiction.
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