Biology of the human blood-nerve barrier in health and disease.
Blood-nerve barrier
Chronic neuropathic pain
Endoneurium
Immune system
Inflammation
Junctional complex
Leukocyte trafficking
Peripheral neuropathy
Journal
Experimental neurology
ISSN: 1090-2430
Titre abrégé: Exp Neurol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370712
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2020
06 2020
Historique:
received:
01
02
2020
revised:
29
02
2020
accepted:
02
03
2020
pubmed:
7
3
2020
medline:
31
12
2020
entrez:
7
3
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
A highly regulated endoneurial microenvironment is required for normal axonal function in peripheral nerves and nerve roots, which structurally consist of an outer collagenous epineurium, inner perineurium consisting of multiple concentric layers of specialized epithelioid myofibroblasts that surround the innermost endoneurium, which consists of myelinated and unmyelinated axons embedded in a looser mesh of collagen fibers. Endoneurial homeostasis is achieved by tight junction-forming endoneurial microvessels that control ion, solute, water, nutrient, macromolecule and leukocyte influx and efflux between the bloodstream and endoneurium, and the innermost layers of the perineurium that control interstitial fluid component flux between the freely permeable epineurium and endoneurium. Strictly speaking, endoneurial microvascular endothelium should be considered the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) due to direct communication with circulating blood. The mammalian BNB is considered the second most restrictive vascular system after the blood-brain barrier (BBB) based on classic in situ permeability studies. Structural alterations in endoneurial microvessels or interactions with hematogenous leukocytes have been described in several human peripheral neuropathies; however major advances in BNB biology in health and disease have been limited over the past 50 years. Guided by transcriptome and proteome studies of normal and pathologic human peripheral nerves, purified primary and immortalized human endoneurial endothelial cells that form the BNB and leukocytes from patients with well-characterized peripheral neuropathies, validated by in situ or ex vivo protein expression studies, data are emerging on the molecular and functional characteristics of the human BNB in health and in specific peripheral neuropathies, as well as chronic neuropathic pain. These early advancements have the potential to not only increase our understanding of how the BNB works and adapts or fails to adapt to varying insult, but provide insights relevant to pathogenic leukocyte trafficking, with translational potential and specific therapeutic application for chronic peripheral neuropathies and neuropathic pain.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32142802
pii: S0014-4886(20)30103-5
doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113272
pmc: PMC7145763
mid: NIHMS1574148
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
113272Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : P30 AI027767
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS075212
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R21 NS073702
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R21 NS078226
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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