MRI characteristics in acute ischemic stroke patients with preceding direct oral anticoagulant therapy as compared to vitamin K antagonists.


Journal

BMC neurology
ISSN: 1471-2377
Titre abrégé: BMC Neurol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968555

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
11 Mar 2020
Historique:
received: 04 12 2019
accepted: 06 03 2020
entrez: 13 3 2020
pubmed: 13 3 2020
medline: 14 7 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Despite the utility of neuroimaging in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), imaging characteristics in patients with preceding direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) compared to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) have hardly been described. We aimed to determine presence of large vessel occlusion (LVO), thrombus length, infarction diameter, and occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation in AIS patients with preceding DOAC as compared to VKA therapy. Using a prospectively collected cohort of AIS patients, we performed univariate and multivariable regression analyses regarding imaging outcomes. Additionally, we provide a sensitivity analysis for the subgroup of patients with confirmed therapeutic anticoagulation. We included AIS in patients with preceding DOAC (N = 75) and VKA (N = 61) therapy, median age 79 (IQR 70-83), 39% female. Presence of any LVO between DOAC and VKA patients (29.3% versus 37.7%, P = 0.361), and target LVO for endovascular therapy (26.7% versus 27.9%, P = 1.0) was equal with a similar occlusion pattern. DOAC as compared to VKA were associated with a similar rate of target LVO for EVT (aOR 0.835, 95% CI 0.368-1.898). The presence of multiple lesions and characteristics of the thrombus were similar in DOAC and VKA patients. Acute ischemic lesion diameter in real world patients was equal in patients taking DOAC as compared to VKA. Lesion diameter in VKA patients (median 13 mm, IQR 6-26 versus median 20 mm, IQR 7-36, P = 0.001), but not DOAC patients was smaller in the setting of confirmed therapeutic VKA. The frequency of radiological hemorrhagic transformation and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in OAC patients was low. Sensitivity analysis considering only patients with confirmed therapeutic anticoagulation did not change any of the results. Preceding DOAC treatment showed equal rates of LVO and infarct size as compared to VKA in AIS patients. This study adds to the knowledge of imaging findings in AIS patients with preceding anticoagulation.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Despite the utility of neuroimaging in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), imaging characteristics in patients with preceding direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) compared to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) have hardly been described. We aimed to determine presence of large vessel occlusion (LVO), thrombus length, infarction diameter, and occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation in AIS patients with preceding DOAC as compared to VKA therapy.
METHODS METHODS
Using a prospectively collected cohort of AIS patients, we performed univariate and multivariable regression analyses regarding imaging outcomes. Additionally, we provide a sensitivity analysis for the subgroup of patients with confirmed therapeutic anticoagulation.
RESULTS RESULTS
We included AIS in patients with preceding DOAC (N = 75) and VKA (N = 61) therapy, median age 79 (IQR 70-83), 39% female. Presence of any LVO between DOAC and VKA patients (29.3% versus 37.7%, P = 0.361), and target LVO for endovascular therapy (26.7% versus 27.9%, P = 1.0) was equal with a similar occlusion pattern. DOAC as compared to VKA were associated with a similar rate of target LVO for EVT (aOR 0.835, 95% CI 0.368-1.898). The presence of multiple lesions and characteristics of the thrombus were similar in DOAC and VKA patients. Acute ischemic lesion diameter in real world patients was equal in patients taking DOAC as compared to VKA. Lesion diameter in VKA patients (median 13 mm, IQR 6-26 versus median 20 mm, IQR 7-36, P = 0.001), but not DOAC patients was smaller in the setting of confirmed therapeutic VKA. The frequency of radiological hemorrhagic transformation and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in OAC patients was low. Sensitivity analysis considering only patients with confirmed therapeutic anticoagulation did not change any of the results.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Preceding DOAC treatment showed equal rates of LVO and infarct size as compared to VKA in AIS patients. This study adds to the knowledge of imaging findings in AIS patients with preceding anticoagulation.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32160909
doi: 10.1186/s12883-020-01678-4
pii: 10.1186/s12883-020-01678-4
pmc: PMC7065352
doi:

Substances chimiques

Anticoagulants 0
Fibrinolytic Agents 0
Vitamin K 12001-79-5

Types de publication

Comparative Study Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

86

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Auteurs

Thomas Raphael Meinel (TR)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland. thomas.meinel@insel.ch.

Johannes Kaesmacher (J)

Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Jan Gralla (J)

University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

David J Seiffge (DJ)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.

Elias Auer (E)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.

Sebastién Frey (S)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.

Marwan El-Koussy (M)

University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Marcel Arnold (M)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.

Urs Fischer (U)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.

Martina Göldlin (M)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Simon Jung (S)

Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.

Arsany Hakim (A)

University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

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Classifications MeSH