Current landscape in motoneuron regeneration and reconstruction for motor cranial nerve injuries.
axon degeneration
cranial neuropathy
facial nerve
facial paralysis
motoneuron
nerve regeneration
peripheral nerve
recurrent laryngeal nerve
synkinesis
vocal fold paralysis
Journal
Neural regeneration research
ISSN: 1673-5374
Titre abrégé: Neural Regen Res
Pays: India
ID NLM: 101316351
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2020
Sep 2020
Historique:
entrez:
27
3
2020
pubmed:
27
3
2020
medline:
27
3
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The intricate anatomy and physiology of cranial nerves have inspired clinicians and scientists to study their roles in the nervous system. Damage to motor cranial nerves may result from a variety of organic or iatrogenic insults and causes devastating functional impairment and disfigurement. Surgical innovations directed towards restoring function to injured motor cranial nerves and their associated organs have evolved to include nerve repair, grafting, substitution, and muscle transposition. In parallel with this progress, research on tissue-engineered constructs, development of bioelectrical interfaces, and modulation of the regenerative milieu through cellular, immunomodulatory, or neurotrophic mechanisms has proliferated to enhance the available repertoire of clinically applicable reconstructive options. Despite these advances, patients continue to suffer from functional limitations relating to inadequate cranial nerve regeneration, aberrant reinnervation, or incomplete recovery of neuromuscular function. These shortfalls have profound quality of life ramifications and provide an impetus to further elucidate mechanisms underlying cranial nerve denervation and to improve repair. In this review, we summarize the literature on reconstruction and regeneration of motor cranial nerves following various injury patterns. We focus on seven cranial nerves with predominantly efferent functions and highlight shared patterns of injuries and clinical manifestations. We also present an overview of the existing reconstructive approaches, from facial reanimation, laryngeal reinnervation, to variations of interposition nerve grafts for reconstruction. We discuss ongoing endeavors to promote nerve regeneration and to suppress aberrant reinnervation and the development of synkinesis. Insights from these studies will shed light on recent progress and new horizons in understanding the biomechanics of peripheral nerve neurobiology, with emphasis on promising strategies for optimizing neural regeneration and identifying future directions in the field of motor cranial neuron research.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32209763
pii: NeuralRegenRes_2020_15_9_1639_276325
doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.276325
pmc: PMC7437597
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1639-1649Subventions
Organisme : NIDCD NIH HHS
ID : K08 DC012535
Pays : United States
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
None
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