Borna disease outbreak with high mortality in an alpaca herd in a previously unreported endemic area in Germany.
Bornaviridae
Crocidura leucodon
Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1)
alpaca
encephalitis
reservoir
Journal
Transboundary and emerging diseases
ISSN: 1865-1682
Titre abrégé: Transbound Emerg Dis
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101319538
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2020
Sep 2020
Historique:
revised:
09
03
2020
received:
20
01
2020
accepted:
16
03
2020
medline:
31
3
2020
pubmed:
31
3
2020
entrez:
31
3
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) is the causative agent of Borna disease, an often fatal neurologic condition of domestic mammals, including New World camelids, in endemic areas in Central Europe. Recently, BoDV-1 gained further attention by the confirmation of fatal zoonotic infections in humans. Although Borna disease and BoDV-1 have been described already over the past decades, comprehensive reports of Borna disease outbreaks in domestic animals employing state-of-the-art diagnostic methods are missing. Here, we report a series of BoDV-1 infections in a herd of 27 alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany, which resulted in eleven fatalities (41%) within ten months. Clinical courses ranged from sudden death without previous clinical signs to acute or chronic neurologic disease with death occurring after up to six months. All animals that underwent necropsy exhibited a non-suppurative encephalitis. In addition, six apparently healthy seropositive individuals were identified within the herd, suggesting subclinical BoDV-1 infections. In infected animals, BoDV-1 RNA and antigen were mainly restricted to the central nervous system and the eye, and sporadically detectable in large peripheral nerves and neuronal structures in other tissues. Pest control measures on the farm resulted in the collection of a BoDV-1-positive bicoloured white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon), while all other trapped small mammals were negative. A phylogeographic analysis of BoDV-1 sequences from the alpacas, the shrew and BoDV-1-positive equine cases from the same region in Brandenburg revealed a previously unreported endemic area of BoDV-1 cluster 4 in North-Western Brandenburg. In conclusion, alpacas appear to be highly susceptible to BoDV-1 infection and display a highly variable clinical picture ranging from peracute death to subclinical forms. In addition to horses and sheep, they can serve as sensitive sentinels used for the identification of endemic areas.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2093-2107Subventions
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : ZooBoCo, grant no. 01KI1722A
Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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