Insect repellents mediate species-specific olfactory behaviours in mosquitoes.
Aedes
/ drug effects
Animals
Anopheles
/ drug effects
Avoidance Learning
Benzaldehydes
Culex
/ drug effects
DEET
/ pharmacology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Eugenol
/ pharmacology
Female
Insect Repellents
/ pharmacology
Octanols
Odorants
Olfactory Perception
Plant Oils
/ pharmacology
Species Specificity
Terpenes
/ pharmacology
Behaviour
Calcium imaging
Human odorants
Masking
Olfaction
Olfactory neurons
Q-system
Spatial repellents
Journal
Malaria journal
ISSN: 1475-2875
Titre abrégé: Malar J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101139802
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Mar 2020
30 Mar 2020
Historique:
received:
27
12
2019
accepted:
23
03
2020
entrez:
2
4
2020
pubmed:
2
4
2020
medline:
21
10
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The species-specific mode of action for DEET and many other mosquito repellents is often unclear. Confusion may arise for many reasons. First, the response of a single mosquito species is often used to represent all mosquito species. Second, behavioural studies usually test the effect of repellents on mosquito attraction towards human odorants, rather than their direct repulsive effect on mosquitoes. Third, the mosquito sensory neuron responses towards repellents are often not directly examined. A close proximity response assay was used to test the direct repulsive effect of six mosquito repellents on Anopheles coluzzii, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Additionally, the behavioural assay and calcium imaging recordings of antennae were used to test the response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards two human odorants (1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde) at different concentrations, and mixtures of the repellents lemongrass oil and p-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) with DEET. Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil and PMD, while Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil, PMD, eugenol, and DEET. In addition, high concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde were repellent, and activated more olfactory receptor neurons on the An. coluzzii antennae than lower concentrations. Finally, changes in olfactory responses to repellent mixtures reflected changes in repulsive behaviours. The findings described here suggest that different species of mosquitoes have different behavioural responses to repellents. The data further suggest that high-odour concentrations may recruit repellent-sensing neurons, or generally excite many olfactory neurons, yielding repellent behavioural responses. Finally, DEET can decrease the neuronal and behavioural response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards PMD but not towards lemongrass oil. Overall, these studies can help inform mosquito repellent choice by species, guide decisions on effective repellent blends, and could ultimately identify the olfactory neurons and receptors in mosquitoes that mediate repellency.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The species-specific mode of action for DEET and many other mosquito repellents is often unclear. Confusion may arise for many reasons. First, the response of a single mosquito species is often used to represent all mosquito species. Second, behavioural studies usually test the effect of repellents on mosquito attraction towards human odorants, rather than their direct repulsive effect on mosquitoes. Third, the mosquito sensory neuron responses towards repellents are often not directly examined.
METHODS
METHODS
A close proximity response assay was used to test the direct repulsive effect of six mosquito repellents on Anopheles coluzzii, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Additionally, the behavioural assay and calcium imaging recordings of antennae were used to test the response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards two human odorants (1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde) at different concentrations, and mixtures of the repellents lemongrass oil and p-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) with DEET.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil and PMD, while Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were repelled by lemongrass oil, PMD, eugenol, and DEET. In addition, high concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde were repellent, and activated more olfactory receptor neurons on the An. coluzzii antennae than lower concentrations. Finally, changes in olfactory responses to repellent mixtures reflected changes in repulsive behaviours.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The findings described here suggest that different species of mosquitoes have different behavioural responses to repellents. The data further suggest that high-odour concentrations may recruit repellent-sensing neurons, or generally excite many olfactory neurons, yielding repellent behavioural responses. Finally, DEET can decrease the neuronal and behavioural response of An. coluzzii mosquitoes towards PMD but not towards lemongrass oil. Overall, these studies can help inform mosquito repellent choice by species, guide decisions on effective repellent blends, and could ultimately identify the olfactory neurons and receptors in mosquitoes that mediate repellency.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32228701
doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-03206-8
pii: 10.1186/s12936-020-03206-8
pmc: PMC7106743
doi:
Substances chimiques
Benzaldehydes
0
Insect Repellents
0
Octanols
0
Plant Oils
0
Terpenes
0
DEET
134-62-3
Eugenol
3T8H1794QW
lemongrass oil
5BIA40E9ED
benzaldehyde
TA269SD04T
1-octen-3-ol
WXB511GE38
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
127Subventions
Organisme : National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
ID : R01Al137078
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI137078
Pays : United States
Organisme : Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (US)
ID : Pilot Fund
Organisme : Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (US)
ID : Postdoctoral Fellowship
Organisme : U.S. Department of Defense
ID : W81XWH-17-PRMRP
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