Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Trace Elements in the Brain.
Brain
Cadmium
Caudate nucleus
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Neurodegeneration
Nickel
Journal
Biological trace element research
ISSN: 1559-0720
Titre abrégé: Biol Trace Elem Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7911509
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2021
Jan 2021
Historique:
received:
09
01
2020
accepted:
23
03
2020
pubmed:
3
4
2020
medline:
22
6
2021
entrez:
3
4
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Comorbidities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) include HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Changes in the brain due to HIV include atrophy, hyperintensities, and diffusion changes. However, no research has focused on trace elements concentration changes in the brain due to HIV, as seen in other neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the concentration of several trace elements in the brains of individuals with and without HIV infection. Prior to formalin embalming, blood was drawn and tested in triplicate with Determine HIV-1/2 rapid tests and confirmed with a SD HIV Device 1/2 3.0 rapid HIV Kit. After embalming, tissue was sampled from the caudate nucleus and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine statistically significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). Fifteen HIV-positive and 14 HIV-negative male cadavers were included (mean age 44, range 22 to 61). Cadmium was marginally decreased, possibly due to malnutrition or utilization by the HIV nucleocapsid. Nickel was marginally increased, perhaps due to a reduced capability to remove metals from the body. In conclusion, this article provides the first information on trace element levels in the brains from HIV-infected individuals and postulates that cadmium and nickel may play a role in the pathophysiology of HAND. This information can contribute to finding a treatment for HAND, other than the use of antiretroviral drugs. Future studies should asses the levels of cadmium and nickel in a larger cohort of HIV-infected individuals.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32239375
doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02129-4
pii: 10.1007/s12011-020-02129-4
doi:
Substances chimiques
Trace Elements
0
Nickel
7OV03QG267
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
41-52Subventions
Organisme : National Research Foundation
ID : 116524
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