Mental Health of Adolescents in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy: Is There a Difference Between HIV-Infected and Uninfected Youth in South Africa?
Adolescent mental health
Depression in adolescents
HIV-infected adolescents
Low- and middle-income countries
Mental health in South Africa
Journal
The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
ISSN: 1879-1972
Titre abrégé: J Adolesc Health
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9102136
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2020
07 2020
Historique:
received:
11
09
2019
revised:
28
12
2019
accepted:
03
01
2020
pubmed:
10
4
2020
medline:
25
6
2021
entrez:
10
4
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The HIV infection may predispose perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) adolescents to mental illness. Adolescence can be when mental health disorders manifest for the first time. This study investigates the prevalence of mental illness in PHIV+ and HIV-uninfected adolescents in Soweto. PHIV+ adolescents aged 13-19 years were recruited from an antiretroviral treatment program, whereas HIV-uninfected controls were recruited from the community in Soweto, South Africa, between October 2016 and April 2017. The Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents, Child Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist, and Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory tools assessed components of mental health. Sociodemographic and virological data were collected. Risk factors for suicidality were determined by logistic regression. One hundred and sixty-two adolescents (50% PHIV+, 61% female) with a median age of 16 years (interquartile range: 15-18) were enrolled. A depressive disorder was found in 14% of all adolescents, 35% had suicidal ideation, and 22% had PTSD symptoms. Risk factors for suicidality were female gender, HIV-positive status, repeating a grade at school and a history of physical and/or sexual abuse. These findings show a high prevalence of suicidality and PTSD symptoms in adolescents from South Africa and highlight the importance of screening for mental illness, specifically suicidality, in HIV-positive adolescents. Adolescents from a disadvantaged socioeconomic background appear to be at risk, posing a challenge because of the lack of health seeking behaviors in young people and lack of adolescent-friendly health facilities. Interventions specific to adolescents in low- and middle-income countries are needed to improve emotional and psychiatric symptoms and functioning.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32269000
pii: S1054-139X(20)30037-9
doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.01.010
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
76-83Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.