Prevalence of Internet addiction in Japan: Comparison of two cross-sectional surveys.
Adolescent
Anxiety
/ epidemiology
Behavior, Addictive
/ epidemiology
Child
Cross-Sectional Studies
Depression
/ epidemiology
Female
Humans
Internet
/ statistics & numerical data
Internet Addiction Disorder
/ epidemiology
Japan
/ epidemiology
Male
Prevalence
Sleep
Smartphone
/ statistics & numerical data
Social Behavior
Students
Surveys and Questionnaires
Internet addiction
behavioral addiction
gaming disorder
junior high school
pathological Internet use
Journal
Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
ISSN: 1442-200X
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Int
Pays: Australia
ID NLM: 100886002
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Aug 2020
Aug 2020
Historique:
received:
09
12
2019
revised:
06
04
2020
accepted:
09
04
2020
pubmed:
17
4
2020
medline:
7
4
2021
entrez:
17
4
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Internet addiction is a serious problem, and the incidence has increased significantly in recent years. In two cross-sectional studies over a 4-year period, we investigated Internet addiction in adolescents and evaluated the resulting changes in their lives. Junior high-school students (aged 12 to 15 years) were assessed in 2014 (survey I) and in 2018 (survey II). They filled out Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Japanese version of the General Health Questionnaire, and a questionnaire on sleep habits and usage of electric devices. In total, 1,382 students were recruited for the two surveys. The mean IAT score was significantly higher in survey II (36.0 ± 15.2) than in survey I (32.4 ± 13.6) (P < 0.001). The increase in total IAT score indicates that the rate of Internet addiction was significantly higher in 2018 than in 2014. For each subscale of the General Health Questionnaire, social dysfunction scores were significantly lower in survey II than in survey I (P = 0.022). During the weekend, mean total sleep time was 504.8 ± 110.1 min, and the time awake was 08:02 h in survey II; the total sleep time and time awake were significantly longer and later, respectively, in survey II than in survey I (P < 0.001, P = 0.004, respectively). Smartphone use was also significantly higher in survey II than in survey I (P < 0.001). The prevalence of Internet addiction differed over the 4 years of this study.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Internet addiction is a serious problem, and the incidence has increased significantly in recent years. In two cross-sectional studies over a 4-year period, we investigated Internet addiction in adolescents and evaluated the resulting changes in their lives.
METHODS
METHODS
Junior high-school students (aged 12 to 15 years) were assessed in 2014 (survey I) and in 2018 (survey II). They filled out Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Japanese version of the General Health Questionnaire, and a questionnaire on sleep habits and usage of electric devices.
RESULTS
RESULTS
In total, 1,382 students were recruited for the two surveys. The mean IAT score was significantly higher in survey II (36.0 ± 15.2) than in survey I (32.4 ± 13.6) (P < 0.001). The increase in total IAT score indicates that the rate of Internet addiction was significantly higher in 2018 than in 2014. For each subscale of the General Health Questionnaire, social dysfunction scores were significantly lower in survey II than in survey I (P = 0.022). During the weekend, mean total sleep time was 504.8 ± 110.1 min, and the time awake was 08:02 h in survey II; the total sleep time and time awake were significantly longer and later, respectively, in survey II than in survey I (P < 0.001, P = 0.004, respectively). Smartphone use was also significantly higher in survey II than in survey I (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of Internet addiction differed over the 4 years of this study.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
970-975Informations de copyright
© 2020 Japan Pediatric Society.
Références
Chamberlain SR, Lochner C, Stein DJ et al. Behavioural addiction-a rising tide? Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016; 26: 841-55.
Young KS. Internet addiction: the emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychol. Behav. 1998; 1: 237-44.
Tsitsika A, Critselis E, Kormas G et al. Internet use and misuse: a multivariate regression analysis of the predictive factors of internet use among Greek adolescents. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2009; 168: 655-65.
Schneider LA, King DL, Delfabbro PH. Family factors in adolescent problematic Internet gaming: a systematic review. J. Behav. Addict. 2017; 6: 321-33.
Kawabe K, Horiuchi F, Ochi M, Oka Y, Ueno SI. Internet addiction: prevalence and relation with mental states in adolescents. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2016; 70: 405-12.
Kawabe K, Horiuchi F, Oka Y, Ueno SI. Association between sleep habits and problems and internet addiction in adolescents. Psychiatry Investig. 2019; 16: 581-87.
Poli R. Internet addiction update: diagnostic criteria, assessment and prevalence. Neuropsychiatry 2017; 07: 04-8.
Tateno M, Teo AR, Shiraishi M, Tayama M, Kawanishi C, Kato TA. Prevalence rate of Internet addiction among Japanese college students: two cross-sectional studies and reconsideration of cut-off points of Young's Internet Addiction Test in Japan. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2018; 72: 723-30.
Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Karila L, Billieux J. Internet addiction: A systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2014; 20: 4026-52.
Young KS. Psychology of Computer Use: XL. Addictive use of the Internet: A case that breaks the stereotype. Psychol. Rep. 1996; 79: 899-902.
Young KS. Caught in the Net: How to Recognize the Signs of Internet Addiction and a Winning Strategy for Recovery. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1998.
Goldberg D, Williams P. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). NFERNelson, Swindon, Wiltshire, UK, 2000.
Seyrek S, Cop E, Sinir H, Ugurlu M, Şenel S. Factors associated with Internet addiction: cross-sectional study of Turkish adolescents. Pediatr. Int. 2017; 59: 218-22.
Mitomo H. Utilization of ICT in Elementary and Secondary Education in Japan: Its Policies and Effects. In: Mitomo H (ed). Telecommunications Policies of Japan. Springer, Singapore, 2020; 239-66.
Kojima R, Sato M, Akiyama Y et al. Problematic Internet use and its associations with health-related symptoms and lifestyle habits among rural Japanese adolescents. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2019; 73: 20-6.
Chang FC, Chiu CH, Chen PH et al. Children's use of mobile devices, smartphone addiction and parental mediation in Taiwan. Comput. Hum. Behav. 2019; 93: 25-32.
Tateno M, Kim DJ, Teo AR, Skokauskas N, Guerrero APS, Kato TA. Smartphone addiction in Japanese college students: usefulness of the Japanese version of the smartphone addiction scale as a screening tool for a new form of internet addiction. Psychiatry Investig. 2019; 16: 115-20.
Chen YL, Gau SSF. Sleep problems and internet addiction among children and adolescents: a longitudinal study. J. Sleep Res. 2016; 25: 458-65.
Cimino S, Cerniglia L. A longitudinal study for the empirical validation of an etiopathogenetic model of internet addiction in adolescence based on early emotion regulation. BioMed. Res. Int. 2018; 2018: 1-8.
Schimmenti A, Passanisi A, Caretti V et al. Traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and Internet addiction symptoms among late adolescents: A moderated mediation analysis. Addict. Behav. 2017; 64: 314-20.
Kircaburun K, Griffiths MD, Billieux J. Childhood emotional maltreatment and problematic social media use among adolescents: The mediating role of body image dissatisfaction. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2019; 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-0054-6
Reid Chassiakos YLR, Radesky J, Christakis D, Moreno MA, Cross C. Council on communications and media. Children and adolescents and digital media. Pediatrics 2016; 138: e20162593.
Terras MM, Ramsay J. Family digital literacy practices and children's mobile phone use. Front. Psychol. 2016; 7: 1957.
Petry NM, Zajac K, Ginley M et al. Policy and prevention efforts for gaming should consider a broad perspective. J. Behav. Addict. 2018; 7: 543-47.
Lee SJ, Lee C, Lee C. Smartphone addiction and application usage in Korean adolescents: effects of mediation strategies. Soc. Behav. Pers. Int. J. 2016; 44: 1525-34.
Sakamoto N, Gozal D, Smith DL et al. Sleep duration, snoring prevalence, obesity, and behavioral problems in a large cohort of primary school students in Japan. Sleep 2017; 40. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsw082
Hawi NS, Samaha M, Griffiths MD. Internet gaming disorder in Lebanon: relationships with age, sleep habits, and academic achievement. J. Behav. Addict. 2018; 7: 70-8.
Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Chen CC. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature. Eur. Psychiatry 2012; 27: 1-8.