Virtual reality: physiological and behavioral mechanisms to increase individual pain tolerance limits.
Journal
Pain
ISSN: 1872-6623
Titre abrégé: Pain
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7508686
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 09 2020
01 09 2020
Historique:
received:
02
10
2019
accepted:
17
04
2020
pubmed:
30
4
2020
medline:
15
5
2021
entrez:
30
4
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Immersive virtual reality (VR) consists of immersion in artificial environments through the use of real-time render technologies and the latest generation devices. The users feel just as immersed as they would feel in an everyday life situation, and this sense of presence seems to have therapeutic potentials. However, the VR mechanisms remain only partially known. This study is novel in that, for the first time in VR research, appropriate controls for VR contexts, immersive characteristics (ie, control VR), and multifaceted objective and subjective outcomes were included in a within-subject study design conducted on healthy participants. Participants received heat thermal stimulations to determine how VR can increase individual heat-pain tolerance limits (primary outcome) measured in degrees Celsius and seconds while recording concurrent autonomic responses. We also assessed changes in pain unpleasantness, mood, situational anxiety, and level of enjoyment (secondary outcomes). The VR induced a net gain in heat-pain tolerance limits that was paralleled by an increase of the parasympathetic responses. VR improved mood, situational anxiety, and pain unpleasantness when participants perceived the context as enjoyable, but these changes did not influence the increases in pain tolerance limits. Distraction increased pain tolerance limits but did not induce such mood and physiological changes. Immersive VR has been anecdotally applied to improve acute symptoms in contexts such as battlefield, emergency, and operating rooms. This study provides a mechanistic framework for VR as a low-risk, nonpharmacological intervention, which regulates autonomic, affective (mood and situational anxiety), and evaluative (subjective pain and enjoyment ratings) responses associated with acute pain.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32345915
pii: 00006396-202009000-00009
doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001900
pmc: PMC7584744
mid: NIHMS1586816
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2010-2021Subventions
Organisme : NCCIH NIH HHS
ID : R01 AT010333
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : R01 DE025946
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : R13 AA028424
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 International Association for the Study of Pain.
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