Hot and Cool Executive Function in Elite- and Amateur- Adolescent Athletes From Open and Closed Skills Sports.
4-D multicomponent classification model
Game of Dice task
adolescents
expertise
impulsivity
structural equation model
Journal
Frontiers in psychology
ISSN: 1664-1078
Titre abrégé: Front Psychol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101550902
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
06
01
2020
accepted:
23
03
2020
entrez:
7
5
2020
pubmed:
7
5
2020
medline:
7
5
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Executive functions (EFs) not only play an important role in shaping adolescent's goal-directed, future-oriented cognitive skills under relatively abstract, non-affective conditions (Cool EF), but also under motivationally significant, affective conditions (Hot EF). Empirical evidence suggest a link between EF, exercise and physical activity, specifically elite adult athletes appear to outperform amateur athletes in Cool EF; however, no previous studies have examined the relationship between Hot and Cool EFs and impulsivity during the developmentally sensitive period of adolescence comparing different types of sport (open- vs. closed-skills), and levels (elite athletes vs. amateurs). A total 86 boys and girls between 13 and 15 years of age (mean: 14.0, There was a significant overall effect for expertise in favor of elite athletes (Wilks' Lambda = 0.61, The current understanding of the decisive cognitive abilities does not correspond to sporting reality, so that the tests frequently used are not sensitive enough to distinguish between elite and amateur athletes or different sports. However, it should also be remembered that the factors underlying complex sporting performance are multidimensional and are obviously difficult to trace back to selected partial aspects. Without being able to answer this question conclusively, we proposed a 4-D classification of experimental paradigms, in which we differentiate between tasks of different specificity, between Cool and Hot EF, and between task complexity, and type of sport.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Executive functions (EFs) not only play an important role in shaping adolescent's goal-directed, future-oriented cognitive skills under relatively abstract, non-affective conditions (Cool EF), but also under motivationally significant, affective conditions (Hot EF). Empirical evidence suggest a link between EF, exercise and physical activity, specifically elite adult athletes appear to outperform amateur athletes in Cool EF; however, no previous studies have examined the relationship between Hot and Cool EFs and impulsivity during the developmentally sensitive period of adolescence comparing different types of sport (open- vs. closed-skills), and levels (elite athletes vs. amateurs).
METHODS
METHODS
A total 86 boys and girls between 13 and 15 years of age (mean: 14.0,
RESULTS
RESULTS
There was a significant overall effect for expertise in favor of elite athletes (Wilks' Lambda = 0.61,
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The current understanding of the decisive cognitive abilities does not correspond to sporting reality, so that the tests frequently used are not sensitive enough to distinguish between elite and amateur athletes or different sports. However, it should also be remembered that the factors underlying complex sporting performance are multidimensional and are obviously difficult to trace back to selected partial aspects. Without being able to answer this question conclusively, we proposed a 4-D classification of experimental paradigms, in which we differentiate between tasks of different specificity, between Cool and Hot EF, and between task complexity, and type of sport.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32373029
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00694
pmc: PMC7177013
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
694Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Holfelder, Klotzbier, Eisele and Schott.
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