Phenytoin - An anti-seizure drug: Overview of its chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology.


Journal

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
ISSN: 1873-6351
Titre abrégé: Food Chem Toxicol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8207483

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Aug 2020
Historique:
received: 01 01 2020
revised: 16 04 2020
accepted: 24 04 2020
pubmed: 8 5 2020
medline: 30 3 2021
entrez: 8 5 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Phenytoin is a long-standing, anti-seizure drug widely used in clinical practice. It has also been evaluated in the context of many other illnesses in addition to its original epilepsy indication. The narrow therapeutic index of phenytoin and its ubiquitous daily use pose a high risk of poisoning. This review article focuses on the chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology of phenytoin, with a special focus on its mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. The side effects on human health associated with phenytoin use are thoroughly described. In particular, DRESS syndrome and cerebellar atrophy are addressed. This review will help in further understanding the benefits phenytoin use in the treatment of epilepsy.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32376339
pii: S0278-6915(20)30281-7
doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111393
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Anticonvulsants 0
Teratogens 0
Phenytoin 6158TKW0C5

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

111393

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Auteurs

Jiri Patocka (J)

Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Department of Radiology and Toxicology, University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.

Qinghua Wu (Q)

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.

Eugenie Nepovimova (E)

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.

Kamil Kuca (K)

Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Electronic address: kamil.kuca@uhk.cz.

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Classifications MeSH